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Anatomy > Chapter 6 Bone Tissue > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Bone Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the skeleton: Support

A

Support: holds body up, supports muscles, mandible and maxilla support teeth

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2
Q

Functions of the skeleton: protection

A

Protection: brain, spinal cord, heart, lungs

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3
Q

Functions of the skeleton: movement

A

Movement: limb movements, action of muscle on bone

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4
Q

Functions of the skeleton: electrolyte balance

A

Electrolyte balance: calcium and phosphate ions

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5
Q

Functions of the skeleton: acid base balance

A

Acid base balance: red bone marrow is the chief producer of blood cells

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6
Q

Functions of the skeleton: blood formation

A

Blood formation: red bone marrow is chief producer of blood cells

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7
Q

Structure of Flat bone

A

Two layers of compact bone enclosing a middle layer of spongy bone

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8
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Diaphysis

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9
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Epiphysis

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10
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Articular cartilage

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11
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Epiphyseal line

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12
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Red bone marrow

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13
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Marrow cavity

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14
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Yellow bone marrow

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15
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Periosteum

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16
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Site of endosteum

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17
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Compact bone

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18
Q

Structure of long bone: What is this feature?

A

Spongy bone

19
Q

Diploe

A

Spongy layer in the cranium that absorbs shock

20
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Osteon

21
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Concentric/circular Lamellae

22
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature? ( the lines )

A

Canaliculi ( blood/plasma runs through them )

23
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Osteocyte inside a Lucuna

24
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Central canal

25
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

External circumferential lamellae

26
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Interstitial lamellae

27
Q

Structure of spongy bone of: What is this feature?

A

Trabeculae

28
Q

Structure of compact bone of: What is this feature?

A

Perforating canal

29
Q

Osteogenic (osteoprogenator) cells

A

Stem cells found in endosteum, periosteum, and in central canals
They multiply produce more osteoblasts

30
Q

Osteoclast

A

Bone dissolving cells found on the bone surface

31
Q

Osteoblast

A

Found on bone surface and maintain and deposits new bone

32
Q

Osteocytes

A

Maintain existing bone

33
Q

Red marrow ( myeloid tissue)

A

Where blood cells are produced
Cells come out of hematopoietic tissue
Found in axial skeleton and the proximal epiphysis of the femur and humerus

34
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Fat storage
Found in middle of long bones
No longer produces blood cells

35
Q

Intramembranous ossification step 1

A

Mesenchymal cells group into clusters, and ossification centers form

36
Q

Intramembranous ossification step 2

A

Secreted Osteoid traps osteoblasts, which then become osteocytes

37
Q

Intramembranous ossification step 3

A

Trabecular matrix and periosteum form

38
Q

Intramembranous ossification step 4

A

Compact bone develops superficial to the trabecular bone, and blood vessels condense into red marrow

39
Q

Endochondral ossification step 1

A

Formation of primary ossification center, bony collar, and periosteum

40
Q

Endochondral ossification step 2

A

Vascular invasion, formation of primary marrow cavity, and appearance of secondary ossification center

41
Q

Endochondral ossification step 3

A

Bone at birth, with enlarged primary marrow cavity in one epiphysis

42
Q

Endochondral ossification step 4

A

Bone of child, with epiphyseal plate at distal end

43
Q

Endochondral ossification step 5

A

Adult bone with a single marrow cavity and closed epiphyseal plate

Anatomy (16 decks)

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