chapter 6- bone tissue

Question 1

5 functions of bones

Answer 1

support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation

Question 2

what minerals are stored in bones

Answer 2

calcium and phosphorus

Question 3

hematopoiesis occurs in

Answer 3

bone marrow

Question 4

where are adipose cells held

Answer 4

yellow bone marrow

Question 5

bones are considered

Answer 5

organs

Question 6

3 levels of bone structure

Answer 6

gross, microscopic, chemical

Question 7

types of bones

Answer 7

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

Question 8

diaphysis

Answer 8

middle section of bone

Question 9

epiphyses

Answer 9

knobs on either end, proximal and distal

Question 10

metaphysis

Answer 10

divider between diaphysis and epiphyses

Question 11

articular cartilage

Answer 11

cartilage on both ends of a bone

Question 12

periosteum

Answer 12

connective epithelial tissue that surrounds bone

Question 13

endosteum

Answer 13

inside layer of hone that holds blood vessels, fat, water

Question 14

medullary cavity

Answer 14

innermost portion, hollow with yellow bone marrow

Question 15

osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 15

comes after mesenchyme and develops into osteoblasts

Question 16

osteoblasts

Answer 16

form extracellular matrix

Question 17

osteocytes

Answer 17

maintains blood tissue

Question 18

osteoclasts

Answer 18

breakdown bones

Question 19

osteon

Answer 19

fundamental unit of bones

Question 20

lamella

Answer 20

rings in inner circle of osteon made of collagen fibers going in alternating directions

Question 21

central canal

Answer 21

hollow center of osteon for blood and lymph vessels, where blood cells are formed

Question 22

canaliculi

Answer 22

microscopic canals that connect osteocytes

Question 23

ossification

Answer 23

process of bone tissue formation

Question 24

intramembranous ossification

Answer 24

membrane bones forming from fibroid membrane, ex cranial bones

Question 25

endochondrial ossification

Answer 25

bone formed by replacing hyaline cartilage, makes up most of skeleton and occurs and epiphysial plate

Question 26

interstitial and appositional growth are types of

Answer 26

endochondrial ossification

Question 27

interstitial growth

Answer 27

growth in length

Question 28

appositional growth

Answer 28

growth in width

Question 29

bone remodeling

Answer 29

when more bone is added than removed, strengthens bones

Question 30

5 steps of interstitial growth

Answer 30

cartilage cells replicate and stack, older cartilage cells enlarge and produce collagen, osteoblasts calcify matrix, cartilage cells die, new bones form