chapter 22- endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine

Answer 1

ductless glands secrete hormones into bloodstream

Question 2

exocrine

Answer 2

glands secrete non-hormonal substances through glands (ex sweat)

Question 3

main differences between endocrine and nervous

Answer 3

endocrine secretes hormones rather than neurotransmitters that have systemic effect, takes minutes or hours to have effect which can last for hours, days, years, and has ongoing metabolic function

Question 4

functions

Answer 4

maintains internal environment, metabolic activities, regulates growth and development, controls sexual reproduction processes

Question 5

organs

Answer 5

thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, small intestine, heart, stomach, kidney, ovary, testes, skin, liver, thymus

Question 6

pituitary gland

Answer 6

connected to hypothalamus by infidulum, separated into 2 lobes, anterior and posterior

Question 7

anterior lobe

Answer 7

composed of glandular tissue producing and secreting hormones (5 different)

Question 8

posterior lobe

Answer 8

composed of neural tissue that receives (not makes) hormones (ADH and oxytocin) which it stores and releases

Question 9

ADH

Answer 9

antidiuretic hormone secreted by posterior lobe, causes kidneys to reabsorb water, increases BP

Question 10

oxytocin

Answer 10

secreted by posterior lobe, stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth, causes milk let down triggered by stretch of uterus or baby latching

Question 11

LH and FSH

Answer 11

luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormones secreted by anterior lobe, regulate function of ovaries and testes

Question 12

prolactin

Answer 12

secreted by anterior lobe, target mammary gland’s milk production, triggered by prolactin releasing hormone and stopped by prolactin inhibiting hormone

Question 13

growth hormone

Answer 13

secreted by anterior lobe, allows liver to breakdown glycogen and adipose tissue –> growth and metabolism

Question 14

TSH

Answer 14

thyroid stimulating hormone, secreted by anterior lobe, leaves pituitary gland and enters thyroid gland to stimulate release of thyroid hormones

Question 15

ACTH

Answer 15

adrenocorticotropic hormone, secreted by anterior lobe, stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids

Question 16

thyroid gland

Answer 16

secretes thyroid hormones that regulate all body functions

Question 17

thyroid hormone effects

Answer 17

glucose catabolism, increase basal metabolic rate and body heat production, regulate tissue growth and development

Question 18

parathyroid glands

Answer 18

secrete parathyroid hormones involved in blood calcium levels

Question 19

adrenal medulla

Answer 19

inner portion, part of sympathetic NS, secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine