Chapter 6-7 Flashcards
A form of government that meant all citizens subordinated their private, selfish interests to the common good
Republicanism
Wife of John Adams who sought to change women’s’ status and was a patriot
Abigail Adams
The nation’s first constitution, adopted by the second Continental Congress in 1781 during the revolution
Articles of Confederation
Set up the framework of a government for the Northwest Territory and determined how it would be colonized
Northwest Ordinance
Set up how the new land gained after the revolution would be distributed and organized
Land Ordinance (1785)
Uprising in Massachusetts led by Daniel Shays in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay taxes
Shay’s Rebellion
Called for Virginia due to interstate squabbling becoming more frequent and Congress’s inability to control commerce
Annapolis
Resolutions proposed by James Madison concerning aspects of the system of government (bicameral legislature, house members elected in proportion to population); separation of powers
Virginia Plan
Called for a one-house congress in which each state had equal representation
New Jersey Plan
Author of the constitution and bill of rights; father of the Federalist Party and 4th president of US
James Madison
Called for a two-house congress in which both types of representation would be applied
Great Compromise
Slaves were deemed 3/5 of a person when determining state population
Three-Fifths Compromise
One of the first two political parties (included Alexander Hamilton and John Adams) that wanted loose interpretation of the Constitution and was pro-ratification
Federalist
Opposed ratification of the constitution because it gave more power to the federal government and less to the states and it didn’t ensure individual rights
Anti-Federalists
Collection of essays by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison
The Federalist
First ten amendments to the constitution which guarantee basic rights
Bill of Rights
A group selected by the states to elect the president and the Vice President
Electoral College
A dominant military leader and the head figure of the revolutionary war
George Washington
A founding father, 2nd President, delegate from Massachusetts
John Adams
Organized Supreme Court, originally with five justices and a Chief Justice, along with several federal, district and circuit courts plus an attorney general
Judiciary Act (1789)
The most resourceful advocate of a stronger national government, eventually became secretary of treasury (previously Washington’s aide-de-camp and colonel during the revolution)
Alexander Hamilton
Total amount of money that a country has borrowed; plan by Hamilton meant to tie the states more securely to Federal Government
National Debt
National bank created by Hamilton and debated by many but was passed by Washington in 1791
Bank of United States
Traffics enforced for protection rather than revenue
Protective tariff
Taxes put in place on imported goods for revenue
Revenue Tariff
First Secretary of State; Author of Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
Didn’t accomplish the goals Congress had set but it did manage to end conflict with Britain; Britain said they would evacuate the Northwest but didn’t promised to leave American ships alone)
Jay’s Treaty
Sought more centralization and were in favor of a stronger national government; first American political party
Federalist Party
Comprised of the anti-federalist that regrouped after the ratification of the constitution
Democratic-Republican Party
The publishing of the incident between Pickney and Talleyrand in which Adams deleted the French commissioners names and replaced them with X, Y, and Z
XYZ Affair
Created by Federalists to silence Republican opposition; created obstacles for foreigners who wished to become citizens and allowed those engaged in libel and treason to be prosecuted
Alien and Sedition Acts
An attack made by an American General against invading Indians from the Northwest
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Secretly made to get the rights back taken away by the Alien and Sedition Acts
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Law that the Federalist Congress passed to increase the number of federal courts and judicial positions
Judiciary Act (1801)
The nickname given to the 16 judges added by the judiciary Act of 1801
Midnight Judges
Gave America all of Ohio after General Anthony Wayne battled and defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
Treaty of Grenville
America gained free navigation of the Mississippi, large area of Florida; helped America to have u expected diplomatic success
Pickney’s Treaty
Began in 1794, that was a challenge to the National Government’s unjust use of an excise tax on an “economic medium of exchange”
Whiskey Rebellion
