Chapter 10

Question 1

1815-1850: transition from small shops of handmade goods to factories and mills powered by water

Answer 1

First Industrial revolution

Question 2

Dramatic increase between 1820 and 1850 in the exchange of goods and services in market transactions

Answer 2

Market Revolution

Question 3

The right to vote

Answer 3

Franchise

Question 4

A highly organized group of insiders that directs a party

Answer 4

Political machine

Question 5

A system in which benefits including jobs, money, or protection are granted in exchange for political support

Answer 5

Patronage

Question 6

The widespread award of (public) government jobs to political supporters after a presidential electoral victory

Answer 6

Spoils System

Question 7

A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates, make policies, and enforce party discipline

Answer 7

Caucus

Question 8

An economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements (roadbuilding)

Answer 8

American system

Question 9

Election of 1824: none of the candidates were able to secure a majority electoral vote, putting the outcomes in the hands of House of Representatives

Answer 9

Corrupt Bargain

Question 10

US Senator from Massachusetts and was Secretary of State under President Monroe; in 1824, congress voted for him

Answer 10

John Quincy Adams

Question 11

A protective tariff that helped American industry by raising prices of British goods which were often cheaper and of higher quality than those of theUS

Answer 11

Tariff of 1816

Question 12

7th president of US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; lost the presidential election in 1824; expanded presidential powers, created the Patronage/Spoils system

Answer 12

Andrew Jackson

Question 13

An inner circle of unofficial advisors to the head of a government

Answer 13

Kitchen Cabinet

Question 14

A protective tariff passed by Congress that was known as Tariff of Abominations; increased price imported raw materials and would cost southern plantations about $100 million a year; supported by Jacksonians and Clay

Answer 14

Tariff of 1828

Question 15

Calhoun’ Exposition; written in 1828 by John C. Calhoun; written as a protest against the Tariff of 1828 and stated that if not repealed, SC would secede; established that a state had the right to reject federal law

Answer 15

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

Question 16

Bill that says congress is authorized to use the military against belligerent states

Answer 16

Force Bill (1833)

Question 17

President of second bank of US

Answer 17

Nicholas Biddle

Question 18

State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed form BUS

Answer 18

Pet Banks

Question 19

Cherokee Indian who created the Cherokee syllabic alphabet, resulting in the Cherokee newspaper, Cherokee Phoenix

Answer 19

Sequoyah

Question 20

1830: provided resettlement of all 100,000 native Americans including all of the 5 civilized tribes

Answer 20

Indian removal act

Question 21

Indian conflict: chief Black Hawk, along with a faction from the tribes, returned in 1832 to their Illinois lands and conducted a campaign of raids and ambushes

Answer 21

Black Hawk War

Question 22

Court case: two missionaries who were welcomed by Cherokee had not obtained a license under Georgia law to live on Cherokee land; Georgia could not control the Cherokee within their territory

Answer 22

Worcester v. Georgia

Question 23

The Cherokee Indians were forced to make a grueling march in the winter of 1838-39

Answer 23

Trail of tears

Question 24

Political party founded itself within the era of Jeffersonian democracy; formed to oppose the policies of president Jackson and democrats

Answer 24

Whigs

Question 25

Served as Secretary of State during Andrew jackson’s first term, Vice President during jackson’s second term

Answer 25

Martin van Buren

Question 26

Banks issued paper currency until Jackson issue the specie circular which forced payment to federal banks with gold or silver, resulting in collapse of many State banks

Answer 26

Panic of 1837

Question 27

1840: whigs with popular war hero William Henry Harrison used log cabins and hard cider to portray his down-home heritage

Answer 27

Log Cabin Campaign

Question 28

American military leader, politician, 9th president of US and first to die in office

Answer 28

William H. Harrison

Question 29

Took office after the death of president Harrison

Answer 29

John Tyler