Chapter 6&7

Question 1

“Squared for transfer”

Answer 1

drawing is drawn on a grid to make the transfer easier from paper to canvas, walls, etc.

Question 2

Chalk

Answer 2

Considered a borderline medium between drawing and painting, as it can be blended.

Question 3

Difference between chalk & crayon

Answer 3

The difference between chalk and crayon, is the binder. Pastel uses a nonfat binder, where as crayon is greasy or waxy.

Question 4

Illustration

Answer 4

To make VISUAL, the written word, ideas or products used in books, magazines, posters, and newspapers—used also to record when the camera isn’t permitted

Question 5

pigment

Answer 5

powdered coloring material

Question 6

metalpoint

Answer 6

Popular during the renaissance.
Use a thin metal wire to make marks on a specially coated ground.
Not often used today because of its unforgivingness of mistakes.
Silver was often used. This would be “silverpoint”.

Question 7

Dry Media-

Answer 7

Charcoal

Question 8

binder

Answer 8

Pigments are held together with a binder. Depending on the particular media, the binder can be anything from fats to egg yolk.

Question 9

Collage-

Answer 9

A French word for pasting or gluing. It refers to the practice of attaching actual objects to the surface. It was developed by Picasso and Braque in the early 20th centruy.

Question 10

Acrylic

Answer 10

They can be thinned for watercolor effects, or used straight from the tube for impasto techniques.

Synthetic/ polymer paint perfected in 1950’s.
Medium is acrylic resins
and water.

Advantages:
Tough, flexible & waterproof.
Fast drying.
Plastic quality for Mixed Media.

Question 11

Gouache

Gouache i

Answer 11

Gouache is watercolor with an inert white pigment added for Opacity.
Similar to poster paints.
Advantages:Dries quickly.Light colors can be layered over dark ones.

Question 12

Watercolor

Answer 12

Pigment with a medium of water and gum arabic that acts as a binder.
Usually, white is not added, using the transparent effect ofwater instead.

Advantages:
Transparency
Portability
Spontaneity

Question 13

Oil has ____types

Answer 13

two:

Glazing

Impasto

Question 14

Glazing-

Answer 14

building up thin, translucent layers of color over a thicker underpainting.

Question 15

Impasto-

Answer 15

Italian, meaning “paste”. It refers to when paint has been applied very thickly and can actually extend somewhat off of the canvas or support.

Question 16

Oil is:

Answer 16

Pigment combined with oil, usually linseed.

Question 17

Tempera

Answer 17

An aqueous (water) medium
like watercolor, with the
durability of oil.
Most famous binder is egg yolk.

Because it dries quickly, blending must be done rapidly.

Question 18

Gesso

Answer 18

primer was used to seal the wood first, which is sanded and then used as the painting surface. (in tempera)

Question 19

Fresco

Answer 19

Pigment is mixed with water and applied to a plaster support usually a wall or ceiling . It is usually worked while the plaster is damp, which requires working on small areas at one time. As the plaster cures, the plaster itself acts as the binder.

Question 20

More Fresco info:

Answer 20

Requires absolute commitment.
To make corrections, the plaster must be chipped away, sanded and reapplied

Question 21

Encaustic

Answer 21

Pigment is mixed with
wax and resin and burned
in as a heat source passes
over the surface.

Advantages:
Build up textured surface
Will not harm the paper
over time

Question 22

More Encaustic info:

Answer 22

Uses wax as a medium, resin as a binder.
Was first used in Egypt during the first century, to create portraits for mummy casings to memorialize the dead.

Question 23

WHAT PAINT IS MADE OF

Answer 23

Pigment: powdered color - compounded with a
Medium: a liquid that holds the pigments together without dissolving them, can also include a
Binder: an ingredient that ensures that the paint will adhere to the surface. It is applied on a
Support: a surface on which the artist works, which is first coated with a
Ground or Primer: a preliminary coating.

Note: media and medium are also used to refer to all materials used in a work of art.

Question 24

MEDIUMS OF PAINTINGS:

Answer 24

Encaustic 2.Fresco 3.Tempera 4.Oil 5.Watercolor 6.Gouache 7. Acrylic 8. Collage