11 & 12

Question 1

• The difference between the styles of Northern/Southern Renaissance art

Answer 1

North:

more gradual, didn’t live among ruins of Rome

Question 2

• The principals of linear perspective.

Question 3

• Michaelangelo’s “David”

Answer 3

David became a symbol of Florence.

Question 4

• Sistine Chapel

Answer 4

Located in the Vatican, in Rome.
Executed in Fresco.
Took four years to complete.
Organized into squares.
Depicts religious themes

Question 5

• Difference between Gothic and Romanesque architecture.

Answer 5

Gothic:

Carved what they saw on the surface, face, clothing, limbs, rather than first considering the body’s frame.
Stylized

Roman:

The body provides the framework on which fabric drapes, and therefore must be considered first.
Use of full contraposto.

Question 6

• Reason for expanding Churches during the Renaissance

Question 7

• Riace Warriors

Answer 7

The Bronzi di Riace are two famous full-size Greek bronzes of nude bearded warriors, cast about 460–450 BC

Question 8

• Sutton Hoo

Answer 8

Sutton Hoo is the site of a ship burial that was initially excavated in 1938 and yielded among other important middle age artifacts, a fully buried ship that served as a burial chamber for a 7th-9th century anglo saxon king

Question 9

Animal Style

Answer 9

Typical of work from this time, made by the “barbarians”, animal style shows imagery of abstracted animals, as well as an interlacing of ribbons or knot work.
-The animals are thought to be influenced by these people’s ancestors who were nomadic herdsmen.

Question 10

• Illumination

Answer 10

The monks not only copied text but illuminated them, which means that they also illustrated and decorated them.

Question 11

• Ziggurat, and know where it is located

Answer 11

Ziggurat- A temple or shrine raised on a monumental stepped base.

Located in the southern most area of Mesopatamia, called “Sumer”.

Ur which is in modern Iraq

Question 12

• Characteristics of Egyptian art

Answer 12

The principal message in Egyptian art is continuity- a seamless span of time reaching back into history and forward into the future.
The Sphinx is the most important symbol in Egyptian art. It is meant to convey the essence of stability, order, and endurance.

Question 13

• Examples of Cycladic art

Answer 13

Almost all of the art found is the simplified, abstracted nude female

Question 14

Minoan art

Answer 14

The Minoans are named after King Mino, whose Queen gave birth to the half bull, half human creature, the Minotaur.
The Minoan culture was centered around the great city of Knossos.

Question 15

Mycenean art

Answer 15

This culture formed around the city of Mycenae, and was located on the South coast of the Greek mainland.
Mainly noted for their elaborate burial customs, presumably acquired by Egyptian influence.
They were the only Aegean culture to use gold, presumably supplied by Egypt.

Question 16

• Reliquary

Question 17

• Pantokrater

Answer 17

Greek for “Ruler of All”

the Pantokrator image emphasizes the divine, awe-inspiring, even terrifying majesty of Christ as opposed to his gentle, approachable, human incarnation as Jesus

Question 18

• Krater

Question 19

• Works of Giotto

Answer 19

The Lamentation

The Lamentation shows the mourning of the dead Christ.

• The scene is composed as though it were on a stage and we are a participating audience.
• Space going back from the picture plane seems to be continuous, as opposed to the flattened decorative space seen in middle age painting.

Question 20

Works of Duccio

Answer 20

Duccio. Christ Entering Jerusalem

Duccio was one of the artists that were influential in making the shift from the art styles of the middle ages into that of the Renaissance.

His masterpiece was the Maesta Altar, which was multi sectioned and meant to displayed on the alter of a church.
-His use of architecture was almost unprecedented in defining space and directing movement, rather than acting as a simple backdrop.

Question 21

• Equestrian art

Answer 21

The Romans are credited with developing the equestrian sculpture

Question 22

• Meaning and origin of the “Renaissance

Answer 22

1400-1600

Means “Rebirth”, and refers to the revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that is one of the key characteristics of the period.

Question 23

• Sfumato

Answer 23

Derived from the Italian word for “smoke”.

Leonardo Da Vinci. Madonna and Child with St. Anne

achieved by multiple layers of translucent glazes give a hazy atmosphere, softened contours, and velvety shadows.

Question 24

• Annunciation

Answer 24

Campin was a Flemish artist (Belgian).
Depicts the same event that we saw by Titian, the Annunciation.
Painted around the time that the principles of linear perspective were discovered in Italy, but would not filter into Northern art for another 75 years. Campin relies on a sort of intuitive perspective, so when closely inspected, the perspective is innacurate.
Full of symbolism, mostly referring to Mary’s purity.