Chapter 6

Question 1

Leadership

Answer 1

The ability to influence other people to go in a particular direction and achieve a particular goal

Question 2

Delegation

Answer 2

Giving authority for carrying out tasks to others

Question 3

Advantages of delegation

Answer 3

• More time to concentrate on other work
• Managers have less stress of work overload
• Staff gain experience
• Staff are more skilled and flexible
• Work shared gets done faster

Question 4

Disadvantages of delegation

Answer 4

• Work may be too much for staff

* Staff may outshine managers

Question 5

Democratic leadership

Answer 5

A form of leadership where managers trust in the ability of their subordinates to do their work, include them in all decision making and delegate authority to them
Bob Geldof

Question 6

Laissez faire

Answer 6

A form of leadership where managers give staff general goals and targets to aim for and then give them authority to deal with them whatever they think best
Richard Branson

Question 7

Autocratic

Answer 7

A form of leadership where managers do not share their authority with their subordinates and make most of the decisions themselves
Steve Jobs, Adolf Hitler, Henry Ford

Question 8

Motivation

Answer 8

The willingness of people to work.

What drives, influences and encourages people to work towards a particular goal.

Question 9

Advantages of Motivation

Answer 9

Increased productivity
Promotes intrapreneurship
Low staff turnover

Question 10

Maslow hierarchy of needs

Answer 10

All human needs can be arranged in a hierarchy in order of their importance
Self-actualisation needs
Esteem needs
Social needs
Safety needs
Physical needs

Question 11

Theory X

Answer 11

CONTROLLER MANAGER
Usually autocratic leaders
Employees are...
Lazy and dislike work
Have no ambition 
Dislike change
Motivated by money

Question 12

Theory Y

Answer 12

FACILITATOR MANAGER
Usually democratic or laissez-faire 
Employees.....
Have ambition
Open to change 
Enjoy work
Motivated by more than money

Question 13

Effects of Theory X

Answer 13

Reduced motivation 
Less creativity
Poor reputation 
Higher staff turnover 
Reduced profitability

Question 14

Effects of Theory Y

Answer 14

High motivation
Better business reputation
Low staff turnover 
Positive industrial relations 
Increased profitability

Question 15

Physical needs

Answer 15

Fair wage, bonuses, profit sharing schemes

Food, clothes, shelter

Question 16

Safety needs

Answer 16

Employees should feel safe and secure
Long term contracts of employment
Providing a grievance procedure
Sending workers in health and safety courses

Question 17

Acceptance/Social needs

Answer 17

Offering flexi-time to allow employees to spend more time with family and friends
Teamwork and social events to help workers form new relationships

Question 18

Esteem needs

Answer 18

Highlights the status, respect and appreciation of others

A new job title and attractive office

Question 19

Self-Actualisation Needs

Answer 19

The meaningful work the employees believe in, that challenges them and they want to do
Helps them realize their potential
Offering employees a career plan, training and development opportunities, empowerment and promotion

Question 20

EVALUATION OF HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Answer 20

• Recognizes that people are motivated by more than money
• Provides a way to identify the different area of motivation for staff
• Not completely explain everyone’s motivation as people are different
• In reality, people don’t just satisfy one need at a time

Question 21

Maslow’s Theory X and Theory Y

Answer 21

1960

Identifies two sets of management assumptions and behaviors