Chapter 6 Flashcards
Art decisions made by
Church
Romanesque vs. Gothic faith
Romanesque had blind, Gothic had logic
gradual move
toward humanism
Humanism
focus on accomplishments of mankind
Faith accompanied by
Intellectualism/skepticism
visual arts fundamentally showed
religious fervor
year 1000
church wrongly predicts end of the world. people question church’s idea that pleasure is sinful and begin to search for it
church’s doctrine of salvation
reduced to a formula
scholasticism
product of university, clarify doctrines with logic and reason/reduce to formula
quadvirium
arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music (math)
trivium
rhetoric, grammar, logic
reduced to formulas also
architecture, painting, sculpture, music
music part of
mathematics
worship became
empty formalism–systematized doctrines
scholasticism approved of what corruption
sacraments valid, even if giver was immoral
result of corrupt clergy and church
people lost confidence in arts
Crusades
exposure to luxury of other cultures, spices and adventure
3 saints
loved Mary, admired Jesus, feared God
courtly love
poetic love caused by Mary
church locations
were in monasteries; now in towns
Cathedrals were two things
worship and public centers
who had the wealth
church and businessmen
influence of Gothic art revealed
subjects, forms, SYMBOLS
Gothic symbols
permeated churches. cross floor plan, light of the world in stained glass. 3 aisles and portals.
Gothic apostle symbols
Matthew man
Mark lion
Luke ox
John eagle
symbols in paintings and music
1 God, dual nature, trinity, 4 gospels, 5 wounds, 6 days, 7 deadly sins
light represented
person of Jesus
Gothic cathedral characterized by
light and height
cathedrals began
in France by wealthy businessmen
Gothic used to be known as
vulgar and barbaric
arches changes
Romanesque was rounded an inelastic; Gothic was pointed and went high
flying buttresses
transferred outward thrust to piers outside walls
delicate balance of cathedrals
one buttress goes, thing collapses
why could they fit stain glass
slender piers
result of buttresses and piers
removed thick walls
artists
unknown
Abbot Suger
financed building of cathedrals from veneration of relics
4 outstanding cathedrals
Reims, Chartres, Notre Dame, Amiens
King’s College
perpendicular
Decorated
more ornate carving
salisbury
Early English
Perpendicular
long vert lines
early englisih
plain style
stained glass characteristsics
not detailed, let in light, didactic, decorations
trademarks
donors expressed Gothic spirit
The quality of painting was equal to that of sculpture in
Italy
secular music groups
Minnesingers–Germany
Trouveres–N. France
Troubadors–S. France
During the Gothic period, secular songs
a. Were great in their quantity.
In Giotto’s Life of Christ, the expression of grief
c. Is similar on each face.
The Alleluia by Perotin is an example of
Polyphony
The structure of a musical composition during the Gothic period
Followed strict rules
The influence of humanism can be seen in the area of music
c. With composers’ interest in assigning their names to their works.
Sculpted figures of the Gothic period
c. Had natural countenances and personalities.
In polyphonic music, instruments
d. Doubled or substituted for the vocal lines.
During the Gothic period, sculpted bodies
c. Were elongated.
Monody
a. Could be accompanied by the harp or lute.
Movement and plasticity in Gothic sculpture was achieved
b. Through the draperies.
symbols
: Lilies. → Virginity., Dove → The Holy Ghost., Olive branch. → Peace.
During the Gothic period, music of greater complexity was made possible by
c. The use of notation.
During the Gothic period, painting was a minor art
In the north
In music of the Gothic period, cadences required
c. Perfect intervals.
An innovation in music during the Gothic period was
a. The use of harmony.
The most famous painter of the Gothic period was
Giotto
During the Gothic period, sculpted male and female forms
d. Were gender neutral.
Giotto’s paintings are characterized by
a. Humanism and individuality.
Laudas
Were songs with a sacred text, though nonliturgical.
When music symbolized the Trinity
d. It had to be in triple meter.
During the Gothic period, sculpture
a. Became independent.
The purpose or function of sculpture in the Gothic period was
Didactic
Sculpture of the Gothic period
b. Shows no perspective.
Monody
c. Had a single melodic line.
The influence of Scholasticism on sculpture in the Gothic period is evident
a. In the minutiae.
The dactyl rhythm consists of
d. Long, short, short.
During the Gothic period, a favorite theme of the secular songs was
b. Love.
The most frequently sculpted subject of the Gothic period was
Mary
During the Gothic period, the composition of the elements in a painting
a. Was dictated by the church.
Organum
a. Had a cantus firmus with one or more additional melodic lines.
