Chapter 4 Flashcards
Rome rises to importance
400 BC suppresses Etruscans to become aware of strength
Roman destiny
conquer the known world
captured what
Greek city-states
first economic success
destroyed Carthage in 146 BC
connection to Greece
admired hellenistic period, stole Greek art and used Greek slaves (scholars and artists) to copy art
Roman style
came from Greeks and Etruscans
Roman religion
akin to Greeks, but trusted armies more than gods. worldly–no concern for afterlife. Centered in home with special household gods
Systematizers
architecture, engineering, law
Famous architect
Vitruvius (de architectura). relied heavily on Greek culture. influenced Renaissance artists
innovations
roads, aquaducts, drainage (cloeca marina). large scale practical projects to further destiny
Law
basis for all western law
Practial architecture
Arenas, baths, forums,
means of building
post and lintel couldn’t span gaps. instead used arched vault of Etruscans.
material
concrete
Pantheon
spherical church for all gods. viewed within. 110ft all dimensions. Greek entryway. large space, lacked poise and balance of Greek buildings
Colosseum
Monument to Roman desire for space and pleasure. used for gladiatorial games and flooded for naval battles. built on round arches 4 stories high. 45000 (87000) seated. tunnels beneath.
aqueducts
built on arches
Houses
personal business and worship, had modern things like central heating, running water, and sanitation
7 Wonders of Ancient Rome
Circus Maximus Colosseum Pantheon Aqueduct Roads Baths of Capella Trajan's Forum
Purpose of Roman sculpture
show power of people who could afford it (ego)
markets for art
temples and homes
innovations
relief sculpture with perspective; molding plaster copies of art
purpose of molding plaster copies
meet great demand
type of art (Greek)
Hellenistic
generic
torsos
portrait sculptures
unlike Greeks, honored soldier, merchants, prominent citizens
facial features
not idealized like Greeks, but were realistic
Evidence of Roman music
visual art and written documents
organ in Latin
hydraulis
wrote about organs
Vitruvius
Boethius
quadrivium–4 essential areas of knowledge; theorists/critics more important than creators and performers of music
quadrivium contained
music, astronomy, geometry, arithmetic
practical function of Roman music
accompany processionals, theatrical entertainment, gladiatorial games
Roman notation
none
Early Christian lack of art
NO PLACE TO DISPLAY SUCH ART. no wealth, banned by Rome, art often pagan and corrupt, had burial places and meeting places named catacombs
Christian art revolved around
the teach of its various doctrines
religious practices of Greece contributed to
Christian rituals (baptism/eucharist) and basilica (rectangular hall)
floor plan of churches
cross
Early Christian symbols
grapevine, good shepherd, figh
Icthus
Jesus Christ God’s Son our Savior. fish
legalized Christianity
313 Edict of Milan Constantine
moved capital to (Constantine)
Byzantium
east art had
brilliant colors, complex patterns, mosaics
crosses
Roman was longer upright, Greek was equal
Hagia Sophia
Istanbul, mosaics, Greek crosses, dome, art covered by Turks
predominate Byzantine art form
mosaics
Early Christian music sound
monadic–single melody
Early Christians sang what in worship
OT psalms monophonically without accompaniment
antiphony
sing and repeat (echo)
most important element of EC music
text
evil music
popular music, instruments evil (organ) since they are played at pagan events like games where Christians are killed
EC music likely included what
florid ornaments and elaborations (Byzantine)
music’s power
touch senses and talk to God
NT music references
Revelation 5; Paul/Silas in jail; Passover with disciples
