Chapter 6

Question 1

The dry mass of a human body contains 65 percent oxygen.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Sucrose is also known as table sugar.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Lactose is composed of two fructose molecules.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Two of the functions of polysaccharides are as energy storage and as structural compounds.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Insulin is the storage carbohydrate found in animals.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

The most widely consumed carbohydrate by humans is cellulose.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Cellulose and starch are composed of long chains of glucose.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Swine have specialized digestive systems that can digest cellulose.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Horses are not ruminants, but they can still digest cellulose.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Fiber is easily digested by humans.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Cellulose can be classified as a carbohydrate or a fiber.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Most plant protein sources are deficient in one or more of the essential amino acids.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Fats and oils can also be called triglycerides.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Animal fats are not typically saturated.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Saturated fatty acids have single bonds between the carbon atoms.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Low-density cholesterol removes excess cholesterol from the blood.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Unsaturated fats are generally considered healthier than saturated fats.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

How many elements occur naturally?

Answer 18

91

Question 19

The atomic number of an element is based on the number of:

Answer 19

protons

Question 20

Which four elements compose 96 percent of Earth’s total mass?

Answer 20

oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon

Question 21

The most prevalent nutrients in plant parts and seeds are:

Answer 21

carbohydrates

Question 22

In addition to fructose, what is the other monosaccharide in high fructose corn syrup?

Answer 22

glucose

Question 23

Sucrose is composed of which two compounds?

Answer 23

fructose and glucose

Question 24

The long-chained glucose polymer important in the structural support of plants is:

Answer 24

cellulose

Question 25

Which two compounds are most commonly used as a source to produce biofuels?

Answer 25

starch and cellulose

Question 26

How many amino acids are used for protein synthesis?

Answer 26

20

Question 27

Humans can synthesize how many of the amino acids needed for protein synthesis?

Answer 27

11

Question 28

Plants can synthesize how many of the amino acids needed for protein synthesis?

Answer 28

20

Question 29

Which of the following is a perfect protein to meet human nutritional needs?

A. beef
B. fish
C. chicken eggs
D. soybeans

Answer 29

C. chicken eggs

Question 30

Which of the following vitamins can be synthesized upon exposure to sunlight?

A. vitamin D
B. vitamin A
C. vitamin C
D. vitamin E

Answer 30

A. vitamin D

Question 31

How many essential vitamins must be obtained from the diet?

Answer 31

13

Question 32

Which of the following foods is high in omega-3-fatty acids?

A. beef
B. salmon
C. chicken
D. pork

Answer 32

B. salmon

Question 33

How many minerals are essential to the human diet?

Answer 33

17

Question 34

All living organisms and nonliving material are made of ___________.

Answer 34

Elements

Question 35

The smallest component of an element is an _______.

Answer 35

Atom

Question 36

_________________ are the compounds in which the sun’s energy is captured during photosynthesis.

Answer 36

Carbohydrates

Question 37

Based on the number of basic units, carbohydrates are classified as _________________, __________________, and _____________________.

Answer 37

monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

Question 38

Simple sugars that are the basic units of all carbohydrates are also known as _______________.

Answer 38

monosaccharides

Question 39

Carbohydrates that are composed of two monosaccharides are called ___________________.

Answer 39

disaccharides

Question 40

Lactose is composed of two monosaccharides called _________ and _________________.

Answer 40

glucose, and galactose

Question 41

The two forms of starch are _________ and _______________.

Answer 41

amylose and amylopectin

Question 42

Animals like cattle and sheep that can digest cellulose are called _________________.

Answer 42

Ruminants

Question 43

Fiber can be classified as ____________ or _____________.

Answer 43

Soluble or insoluble

Question 44

Proteins are composed of molecules called ___________________.

Answer 44

Amino acids

Question 45

____________ are small organic compounds iportant in regulation of metabolism.

Answer 45

Vitamins

Question 46

The three major types of lipids are ___________________, ____________________, and ___________________.

Answer 46

simple lipids, phospholipids, and steroids

Question 47

Lipids from animals are solid at room temperature and called ____; lipids from plants are liquid at room temperature and called ______.

Answer 47

fats, oils

Question 48

Complex lipids include _____________________ and ______________.

Answer 48

phospholipids and steroids

Question 49

Nutrients that are inorganic compounds existing as long as free ions are called ____________.

Answer 49

minerals

Question 50

Lactose is a

Answer 50

disaccharide

Question 51

Inulin is a

Answer 51

polysaccharide

Question 52

Starch is a

Answer 52

polysaccharide

Question 53

Galactose is a

Answer 53

monosaccharide

Question 54

Maltose is a

Answer 54

disaccharide

Question 55

Fructose is a

Answer 55

monosaccharide

Question 56

Glucose is a

Answer 56

monosaccharide

Question 57

Cellulose is a

Answer 57

polysaccharide

Question 58

Glycogen is a

Answer 58

polysaccharide

Question 59

Sucrose is a

Answer 59

disaccharide