Chapter 5 Flashcards
All food directly or indirectly comes from plants that capture the sun’s energy.
True
Protein enzymes, minerals, and vitamins all mediate metabolic funcitons.
True
Dietary fiber, cholesterol, fat, and trans fats are essential nutrients.
False
Globally, it is estimated that about 2 million deaths occur each year due to a combination of malnutrition and undernutrition.
False
In 2008, about 14.6 percent of American households reported being food insecure.
True
The patterns of food consumption for Americans has remained constant for the past century.
False
Americans consume more milk than soft drinks.
False
In the early 1900s, chickens were fed only limited grains
True
Over the past few decades, Americans have been spending a declining percentage of their monetary budgets on food.
True
Two-thirds of American adults are classified as obese.
False
White flour is a whole grain product.
False
Consumption of red meat has increased in the last 30 years.
False
Total added sweetener consumption has increased by 25 percent since the 1970s.
True
It presently take 9 kilograms of fuel to produce 1 kilocalorie of food in the United States
True?
Oils are lipids derived from animals, whereas fats are extracted from plants.
False
The energy we consume as food is measured in what unit?
calorie
The average DRI for number of calories for women is:
2,200
Which component should comprise the least amount of a person’s diet according to MyPyramid?
oils
How many more calories per day does the average American now consume compared to 1970?
600
Which of the following is most likely to be a health risk as a result of obesity?
high blood pressure
Which comprises the majority of a whole grain kernel?
endosperm
The most consumed vegetable in the United States is:
potatoes
The most consumed fruit group in the United States is:
citrus
Which country pays the least per capita income on food?
United States
What percentage of energy worldwide used by humans comes from biomass crops?
5 percent
The leading crop used for ethanol production is:
corn
Biodiesel can be produced from:
soybean
Nutrients from plants and animal sources consumed by humans are used for __________,____________, and ___________________.
energy, structure, and metabolism
___________ refers to all the biochemical reactions throughout the body and their regulation.
NO IDEA
_____________________ is when one or more essential nutrients are lacking even though caloric intake is suffient.
Malnutrition
_____________________ is desribed as an insufficient number of calories to maintain the daily energy requirement.
Undernutrition
The process of making white flour from the wheat grain is called ____________.
Refining
Whole grain products include _____________, _______, and _______ of the grain kernal.
endosperm, bran, and germ
When refined flour products have nutrients added back, they are _______________.
Enriched
______ __________ chickens are raised on pasture and forage for insects with some supplementation of grains to their diets.
Free range
Most of the corn ethanol refineries are location in the ___________ region of the United States.
Midwest
One of the primary byproducts from corn ethanol production is _____________ grains.
Distillers
Grains have shown a(n)
Increase in consumption
Fats and Oils have shown a(n)
Increase in consumption
Added sugars have shown a(n)
Increase in consumption
Fruits and vegetables have shown a(n)
Increase in consumption
Meats have shown a(n)
Increase in consumption
Eggs have shown a(n)
Decrease in consumption
Dairy Products have shown a(n)
Decrease in consumption
