Chapter 6

Question 0

Pluralism

Answer 0

A theory of government that holds open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted power by any one group.

Question 1

Faction

Answer 1

A term the founders used to refer to political parties and special interests of interest groups.

Question 2

Interest Group

Answer 2

A collection of people who share a common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends. Interest groups usually work within the framework of government and try to achieve their goals through tactics such as lobbying.

Question 3

Movement

Answer 3

A large body of people interested in a common issue, idea, or concern that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action. Movements seek to change attitudes or institutions, not just policies.

Question 4

Open Shop

Answer 4

A company with a labor agreement under which Union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment.

Question 5

Closed Shop

Answer 5

A company with a labor agreement under which Union membership can be a condition of employment.

Question 6

Free Rider

Answer 6

An individual who does not join a group representing his or her interests yet received the benefit of the group’s influence.

Question 7

Professional Associations

Answer 7

Groups of individuals who share a common profession and are often organized for common political purposes related to that profession.

Question 8

Nongovernmental organization (NGO)

Answer 8

A nonprofit association or group operating outside government that advocates and pursues policy objectives.

Question 9

Collective action

Answer 9

How groups forming organized to pursue their goals or objectives including how to get individuals and groups to participate in cooperate. The term has many applications in the various social sciences such as political science sociology and economics.

Question 10

Public choice

Answer 10

Synonymous with collective action specifically studies have a government officials politicians and voters respond to positive and negative incentives.

Question 11

Lobbying

Answer 11

Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials especially legislators in the policies they enact.

Question 12

Federal Register

Answer 12

An official document published every weekday that list of new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies.

Question 13

amicus curiae brief

Answer 13

Literally a friend of the court brief filed by an individual or organization to present arguments in addition to those presented by the immediate parties to a case.

Question 14

Bundling

Answer 14

A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like-minded individuals it’s limited to 2000 and present them to a candidate or political party as a bundle of us increasing the PACs influence.

Question 15

Lobbyist

Answer 15

A person who is employed by and ask for an organized interest group or corporation to try to influence policy decisions and positions in the executive and legislative branches.

Question 16

Revolving door

Answer 16

And employment cycle in which individuals who work for government agencies that regulate interest eventually end up working for interest groups or businesses with the same concern.

Question 17

Issue network

Answer 17

Relationships amongst interest groups congressional committees and subcommittees and the government agency that share a common policy concern.

Question 18

Political action committee

Answer 18

The political arm of an interest group that is legally entitled to raise funds want to voluntary basis for members stockholders or employees to contribute funds to candidates or political parties.

Question 19

Leadership PAC

Answer 19

A PAC formed by an officeholder that collects contributions from individuals another PACs and then make contributions to other candidates and political parties.

Question 20

Bipartisan campaign Reform Act

Answer 20

Largely been party soft money restored long-standing prohibition on corporations and labor unions were using general treasury funds were electro purposes and narrow the definition of issue advocacy.

Question 21

Soft money

Answer 21

Money raised an unlimited amount by political parties for party building purposes. Now largely a legal except for limited contributions to state or local parties for voter registration and to get out the vote efforts.

Question 22

Independent expenditures

Answer 22

The Supreme Court has Roll that individuals groups and parties can spend unlimited amounts and campaigns for or against candidates as long as they operate independently from candidates.

Question 23

Issue advocacy

Answer 23

Unlimited an undisclosed spending by an individual or group on communications that do not use words like vote for or vote against although much of this activity is actually about electing or defeating candidates.

Question 24

527 organization

Answer 24

A political group organize under section 527 of the iris code that makes up and spend unlimited amounts of money when we came activities so long as they are not spent on broadcast ads that run the last 30 days before primary or 60 days before general election in which you clearly identified candidate is referred to and a relevant is targeted