Chapter 6 Flashcards
The semifluid portion of the cytoplasm.
Cytosol
A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.
Eukaryotic Cell
A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.
Prokaryotic Cell
The disruption of a cell and separation of its parts by centrifugation.
Cell Fractionation
(1) An atom’s central core, containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.
Nucleus
A specialized structure in the nucleus, consisting of chromatin regions containing ribosomal RNA genes along with ribosomal proteins imported from the cytoplasmic site of rRNA synthesis and ribosomal subunit assembly.
Nucleolus
A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Chromosomes
An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum and synthesize some products, notably non-cellulose carbohydrates.
Golgi Apparatus
A type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances are taken up by a cell.
Phagocytosis
A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of certain freshwater protists.
Contractile Vacuole
A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development.
Central Vacuole
An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.
Mitochondria
An organelle found in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.
Chloroplast
An infolding of the inner membrane of mitochondrion that houses electron transport chains and molecules of the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
Cristae
