Chapter 30

Question 1

An adaptation of some terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a protective coat.

Answer 1

Seed

Question 2

Layer of sporophyte tissue that contributes to the structure of an ovule of a seed plant.

Answer 2

Integument

Question 3

A structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte.

Answer 3

Ovule

Question 4

In seed plants, a structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall.

Answer 4

Pollen grain

Question 5

The transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules, a process required for fertilization.

Answer 5

Pollination

Question 6

An extinct seedless vascular plant that may be ancestral to seed plants.

Answer 6

Progymnosperms

Question 7

Member of the largest gymnosperm phylum. Most are cone-bearing trees, such as pines and firs.

Answer 7

Conifers

Question 8

A modified leaf in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens.

Answer 8

Sepals

Question 9

A modified leaf of a flowering plant. They are often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators.

Answer 9

Petals

Question 10

In an angiosperm, the stalk portion of the stamen, the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.

Answer 10

Filament

Question 11

The ovule-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary.

Answer 11

Carpel

Question 12

The sticky part of a flower’s carpel, which traps pollen grains.

Answer 12

Stigma

Question 13

The stalk of a flower’s carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.

Answer 13

Style

Question 14

In flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop.

Answer 14

Ovary

Question 15

A mature ovary of a flower. It protects dormant seeds and often aids in their dispersal.

Answer 15

Fruit

Question 16

The female gametophyte of angiosperms, formed from the growth and division of the megaspore into a multicellular structure that typically has eight haploid nuclei.

Answer 16

Embryo Sac

Question 17

In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen from an anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.

Answer 17

Cross-pollination

Question 18

A pore in the integument(s) of an ovule.

Answer 18

Micropyle

Question 19

A mechanism of fertilization in angiosperms in which two sperm cells unite with two cells in the female gametophyte (embryo sac) to form the zygote and endosperm.

Answer 19

Double Fertilization

Question 20

A seed leaf of an angiosperm embryo. Some species have one, others two.

Answer 20

Cotyledons

Question 21

In angiosperms, a nutrient-rich tissue formed by the union of a sperm with two polar nuclei during double fertilization. It provides nourishment to the developing embryo in angiosperm seeds.

Answer 21

Endosperm

Question 22

Member of a clade consisting of flowering plants that have one embryonic seed leaf, or cotyledon.

Answer 22

Monocots

Question 23

Member of a clade consisting of the vast majority of flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons.

Answer 23

Eudicot

Question 24

Member of a clade of three early-diverging lineages of flowering plants. Examples are Amborella, water lilies, and star anise and its relatives.

Answer 24

Basal Angliosperms

Question 25

Member of the angiosperm clade most closely related to eudicots. Extant examples are magnolias, laurels, and black pepper plants.

Answer 25

Magnoliids