Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiology 1- PCCF tri 1 > chapter 6 > Flashcards

chapter 6 Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

skeletal muscle characteristics

A

voluntary, striated, multinucleated, long cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a band

A

thick + thin filaments, run entire length of sarcomere, dark band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

i band

A

thin filaments in sarcomere, light band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

m line

A

where myosin filaments are anchored, center of a band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

h zone

A

ONLY thick filaments. shortens/disappears in contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

z line

A

where thin filaments attach and sarcomere ends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

thick band

A

myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thin band

A

actin, troponin, + tropomyosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sarcolemma

A

the cell membrane of muscle fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

transverse tubules (t-tubules)

A

modifications of the sarcolemma that entend into cell interior wall + surround myofibrils. carry electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

specialized ER that forms tubular network around myofibrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cisternae/cisterns

A

chambers of sarcoplasmic reticulum that store calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sarcomere

A

functional unit of muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

myomesin

A

makes up m line which anchors myosin filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

alpha-actinin

A

makes up z line which anchors myosin + actin filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do myosin filaments bind?

A

ATP + actin in cross bridge formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the mechanism of sarcomere contraction called?

A

rachet mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

troponin

A

3 globular protein that binds to Ca2+ to regulate cross bridge formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

troponin T

A

attaches troponin to tropomyosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

troponin I

A

inhibits the interaction of actin binding to myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

troponin C

A

binds Ca2+ to permit the interactions of actin and myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what happens if there is no calcium for the sarcomere to use?

A

no contraction occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

step 1 of skeletal muscle contraction mechanism

A

sarcolemma stimulated which generates an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

step 2 of skeletal muscle contraction mechanism

A

AP travels to myofibrils via t-tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
step 3 of skeletal muscle contraction mechanism
AP triggers release of calcium ions from SR
26
step 4 of skeletal muscle contraction mechanism
calcium binds to troponin causing tropomyosin to move, uncovering the binding sites on actin for myosin
27
step 5 of skeletal muscle contraction mechanism
myosin binds to actin causing actin to slide past myosin, toward the m-line. results in contraction of sarcomeres
28
cross bridge cycle step 1
rigor state - no ATP bound
29
cross bridge cycle step 2
ATP bound - myosin lets go of actin
30
cross bridge cycle step 3
ATP hydrolysis - myosin head ratchets forward
31
cross bridge cycle step 4
release of Pi causes power stroke
32
cross bridge cycle step 5
release of ADP returns the myosin to rigor state
33
dystrophin
connects actin filaments to the sarcolemma of the cell. transmits tension
34
anaerobic energy sources for skeletal muscle contraction
breakdown of creatine phosphate + glycogenolysis of glycogen
35
aerobic energy sources for skeletal muscle contraction
oxidative metabolism of lipids, carbs, + proteins
36
what is used first in energy sources for skeletal muscle contraction?
creatine phosphate + glycogen are used immediately (anaerobic)
37
what is used second in energy sources for skeletal muscle contraction?
aerobic breakdown of fatty acids, carbs, + proteins (aerobic)
38
what is used third in energy sources for skeletal muscle contraction?
glycogenolysis of glycogen (anaerobic)
39
isometric muscles
do not change length but tension changes
40
isotonic muscles
tension doesn't change but length changes
41
what is another name for muscle shortening?
concentric
42
what is another name for muscle lengthening?
eccentric
43
type 1 skeletal muscle characteristics
small, slow, red in color, oxidative phosphorylation mechanism, NOT easily fatigued
44
type 2 skeletal muscle characteristics
large, fast, white in color, glycolysis mechanism, easily fatigued
45
phosphocreatine-creatine system
used for power surges that last a few seconds
46
examples of phosphocreatine-creatine system
100m dash, jumping, weightlifting, diving, baseball triple run
47
how long does the phosphocreatine-creatine system last for?
5-8 seconds
48
glycogen-lactic acid system
used for activities that take 1.3-1.6 minutes
49
examples of glycogen-lactic acid system
400m dashes, 100m swim, tennis, soccer
50
aerobic metabolism system
required for prolonged athletic activity
51
examples of glycogen-lactic acid system
jogging, cross country skiing, marathons
52
how long does the glycogen-lactic acid system last for?
as long as it is needed, unlimited
53
what is another name for the glycogen-lactic acid system?
glycolysis
54
what exercise examples have an overlap between aerobic system + glycogen-lactic acid system?
800m dashes + boxing
55
when does alactacid oxygen debt recovery occur?
first 5 mins post exercise
56
when does lactid acid oxygen debt recovery occur?
up to 40 mins
57
how long does a high carb diet glycogen stores last for?
4-5 hours
58
how long does a high fat diet glycogen stores last for?
1.5-2 hours
59
when are isometric muscles used?
when the load is greater than the force of contraction
60
when are isotonic muscles used?
when the force of the muscle contraction is greater than the load
61
where do we find strains?
muscles
62
where do we find sprains?
ligaments
63
1st degree strain
mild. damage to a few muscle fibers
64
2nd degree strain
moderate. partial tearing of the muscle (25-50%)
65
3rd degree strain
severe. complete rupture/tearing of the muscle
66
Thermogenesis
Heat production. Predominantly skeletal muscle contraction contributes to production of body heat
67
Contractile
Able to transform chemical energy (ATP) into mechanical energy. Capable of exerting force. Ability to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated. Unique to muscle tissue
68
Extensible
The ability to relax to lengthen or stretch beyond normal resting length
69
elastic
ability to recoil to return to original length after being stretched. helps maintain shape
70
irritable/excitable
responsive. able to receive and respond to a stimulus
71
titin
the protein framework that holds the myosin and actin filaments in place so they can create cross bridges and contract

Physiology 1- PCCF tri 1 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions