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BTCEM > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

BLOOD: Hem/o, Hemat/o

A

Share oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste

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2
Q

Plasma: plasma, plasma/o

A

Contains nutrients, hormones;waste products and clotting protein

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3
Q

Chromat/o

A

Color

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4
Q

Coagul/o

A

Clotting or coagulation

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5
Q

-Emia

A

Blood, blood condition

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6
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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7
Q

Fibrin/o

A

Fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot

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8
Q

-globin

A

Protein

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9
Q

Hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood, relating to the blood

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10
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

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11
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord or bone marrow

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12
Q

-oid

A

Resembling

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13
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

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14
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vien

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15
Q

Plasma/ plasma/o

A

Something modeled or formed, plasma

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16
Q

-poiesis

A

To make

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17
Q

-stasis

A

Maintenance of a constant level

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18
Q

allogeneic transfusion

A

uses donated blood that must be of a compatible blood type. Allogeneic means coming from a different individual, i.e., one who is genetically not the same as the recipient.

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19
Q

anticoagulant

A

slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming.

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20
Q

antigen

A

any substance that the body regards as being foreign, thus sometimes triggering an adverse reaction.

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21
Q

aplastic anemia

A

a rare but serious condition characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow.

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22
Q

autologous transfusion

A

uses the patient’s own blood instead of blood from a donor.

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23
Q

basophils

A

which are also formed in red bone marrow, are the least common type of WBCs.

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24
Q

coagulation

A

the process of blood clotting, or the formation of a blood clot.

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25
Q

coagulopathy

A

also known as a bleeding disorder, occurs when the blood’s ability to coagulate is impaired.

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26
Q

comprehensive metabolic panel

A

(CMP), also known as a Chem 14, is a broad screening tool used to provide information about the state of the body’s metabolism by measuring fourteen different substances in the blood.

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27
Q

decompression sickness

A

(DCS), also called the bends, is a potentially fatal condition that can occur as a result of deep-sea diving or unpressurized air travel.

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28
Q

direct antiglobulin test

A

(DAT), also known as a direct Coombs test, is used to investigate possible hemolytic transfusion reaction or whether a fetus or newborn has a hemolytic disease.

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29
Q

eosinophils

A

formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body.

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30
Q

erythrocyte

A

also known as red blood cells (RBCs), are mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow.

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31
Q

erythropoietin

A

(EPO) is a hormone produced in the kidneys that promotes the production of erythrocytes in the bone marrow.

32
Q

fibrin

A

aids in blood clotting and the formation of a scab to help the wound heal.

33
Q

fibrinogen

A

and prothrombin are the clotting proteins found in plasma.

34
Q

globulins

A

a group of proteins in the blood that play an important role in the immune system.

35
Q

granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are called granulocytes because they have small granules containing proteins.

36
Q

hematologist

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues.

37
Q

hematopoiesis

A

the formation of blood cells.

38
Q

hematocrit

A

(HCT) is the percentage of the blood that is made up of red blood cells.

39
Q

hemoglobin

A

a blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes.

40
Q

hemolysis

A

the process of breaking down erythrocytes.

41
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

is characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen.

42
Q

hemophilia

A

a hereditary bleeding disorder in which a blood clotting factor is missing, resulting in abnormal coagulation.

43
Q

hemostasis

A

means to stop or control bleeding.

44
Q

heparin

A

another common anticoagulant.

45
Q

hereditary spherocytosis

A

a genetic disorder that causes the red blood cells to be spherical rather than flat.

46
Q

immunoglobulins

A

help the body attack and kill germs

47
Q

leukemia

A

a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and the circulating blood.

48
Q

leukocytes

A

also known as white blood cells (WBCs), are the blood cells involved in supporting the immune system in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances.

49
Q

leukopenia

A

a decrease in the number of disease-fighting leukocytes circulating in the blood.

50
Q

lipoprotein panel blood test

A

or lipid panel, requires that a patient fast for 8-12 hours before the blood is drawn.

51
Q

lymphocytes

A

identify foreign substances and germs (bacteria or viruses) in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them.

52
Q

megakaryocytes

A

the large cells in the bone marrow that produce platelets.

53
Q

monocytes

A

formed in the red bone marrow, liver, and spleen. They are the largest type of white blood cells.

54
Q

multiple myeloma

A

(MM), sometimes referred to as just myeloma, is the second most common type of blood cancer.

55
Q

neutropenia

A

the presence of abnormally few of the white blood cells called neutrophils in the blood, usually as a result of cancer treatment.

56
Q

neutrophils

A

formed in the red bone marrow, are the most common type of WBCs.

57
Q

non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

(NHL), which is the more common type, refers to all lymphomas other than Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

58
Q

pancytopenia

A

a condition that is characterized by lower-than-normal quantities of erythrocytes leukocytes, and platelets.

59
Q

pernicious anemia

A

caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor (IF) that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract.

60
Q

phagocytes

A

cells that play a major role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi by engulfing the pathogens and consuming them.

61
Q

phlebotomist

A

a medical professional trained to draw blood from patients for laboratory tests and other procedures.

62
Q

plasma

A

a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

63
Q

plasmapheresis

A

the removal of blood plasma by drawing blood and then separating the blood into its cellular elements.

64
Q

platelets

A

also called thrombocytes, are the smallest formed elements of the blood.

65
Q

prothrombin time

A

(PT), also known as pro time, is a blood coagulation test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormalities of clotting time and to monitor anticoagulant therapy.

66
Q

reticulocytes

A

red blood cells that have just been released from the bone marrow.

67
Q

Rh factor

A

defines the presence of absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells.

68
Q

sepsis

A

a potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream.

69
Q

serum

A

the clear, pale-yellow plasma fluid that remains after the blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed.

70
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

(SCA) is the most common form of a group of blood disorders known as sickle cell disease.

71
Q

thalassemia

A

an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin.

72
Q

therapeutic plasma exchange

A

(TPE) is a type of plasmapheresis in which some of the patient’s own blood is circulated through a device that removes the disease-causing antibodies in the plasma and replaces them with healthy donor plasma and/or a plasma substitute.

73
Q

thrombocytes

A

Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are the smallest formed elements of the blood.

74
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood.

75
Q

transfusion reaction

A

a serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient’s blood and the donated blood do not match.

76
Q

Von Willebrand disease

A

(VWD), the most common genetic bleeding disorder, impacts women more than men.

BTCEM (10 decks)

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