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BTCEM > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Ace inhibitor

A

(angiotensin converting enzyme) blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract resulting in hypertension

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2
Q

Anemia

A

A disorder characterized by a lower than normal number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood

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3
Q

Aneurysm

A

A localized weak spot or balloon like enlargement of the walls of an artery

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4
Q

Angina

A

Also known as angina pectoris is a condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flown to the myocardium

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5
Q

Angioplasty

A

The technique of mechanically widening the narrowed or obstructed blood vessel

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6
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Slows clothing and prevents new clots from forming

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7
Q

Aorta

A

The largest blood vessel in the body

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8
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

Also known as aortic valve stenosis, is a build up of calcium and fat deposits in the aortic valve, a condition most prevalent in adults over the age of 65.

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9
Q

Arrhythmia

A

The loss of the normal rythm of the heartbeat

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10
Q

Artherectomy

A

The surgical removal of the plaque build up from the interior of an artery

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11
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by the build up of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries

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12
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

Also known as A-fib is the most common type of tachycardia

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13
Q

Automated external defibrillation

A

(AED) is designed to use by non professionally in emergency situations when defibrillation is required

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14
Q

Beta-blocker

A

Reduces of work load of the heart by blocking the release of stress harmones thus slowing the rate of rhe heartbeat

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15
Q

Bradycardia

A

An abnormally slow resting heart rate

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16
Q

Capillaries

A

Only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body

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17
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

An event in which the heart absurdly stops beating or developing an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effortlessly

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18
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

A diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vine or artery and then guided into heart

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19
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

The term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle

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20
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

The surgical removal of the lining of portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain

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21
Q

Cholesterol

A

A fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

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22
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency

A

(CVI) also known as venous insufficiency is a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vien blockage or to the leakage of venous valves

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23
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

(CAD) also known as coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic heart disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle

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24
Q

Coronary thrombosis

A

Damage to the heart muscle by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

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25
Q

Defibrillation

A

The emergency use of electrical shock to restore the hearts normal rhythm

26
Q

Diastole

A

The period of relaxation that follows as the chambers refill with blood this is also referred to as the diastolic phase

27
Q

Diuretic

A

An anti hypertensive medication administered to increase urine output to get rid of the body of excess sodium and water

28
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

(EKG) or (ECG) is a record of the electric activity of the myocardium

29
Q

Electrophysiologist

A

A doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of the heart arrhythmias

30
Q

Embolism

A

The sudden blockage of the blood vessel by an embolus

31
Q

Embolus

A

A foreign object such as blood clot, a quantity of air or gas or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood

32
Q

Endocarditis

A

An inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

33
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Also known as red blood cells (RBCs) are mature red blood cells

34
Q

Heart murmur

A

An abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart or a neighboring large blood vessle

35
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Oxygen carrying protein pigment of the erythrocytes

36
Q

Hypertension

A

(HTN) commonly known as high blood pressure is the elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system

37
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

A deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part

38
Q

ischemia

A

a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to restricted blood flow to a part of the body.

39
Q

long QT syndrome

A

(LQTS) is an inherited or medically acquired heart rhythm disorder that can cause fast, chaotic, and potentially dangerous arrhythmias.

40
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

(MVP) is the abnormal protrusion of a mitral valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely.

41
Q

myocardial infarction

A

(MI), commonly known as a heart attack, is the occlusion (blockage) of one or more coronary arteries cause by plaque buildup.

42
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

also known as postural hypotension, is low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up and remains lower than normal as long as the patient remains standing.

43
Q

pericardium

A

also known as the pericardial sac, is the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.

44
Q

peripheral artery disease

A

(PAD), also known as peripheral arterial occlusive disease, is an example of a peripheral vascular disease that is caused by atherosclerosis.

45
Q

phlebitis

A

the inflammation of a vein

46
Q

Raynaud’s disease

A

a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold temperatures or stress.

47
Q

sinoatrial node

A

(SA) node is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava.

48
Q

systole

A

the period of contraction that the ventricles undergo while pumping blood into the aorta and the pulmonary artery. This is also referred to as the systolic phase.

49
Q

tachycardia

A

an abnormally rapid resting heart rate.

50
Q

telemetry nurse

A

specializes in the use of technology within a hospital unit to track vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rhythms, and oxygen levels.

51
Q

temporal arteritis

A

sometimes called giant cell arteritis, is caused by inflammation of the temporal arteries supplying blood to the head and brain.

52
Q

thallium stress test

A

(TST) is a nuclear imaging test performed by injecting a small amount of thallium into the bloodstream to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise.

53
Q

thrombolytic

A

also known as a clot-busting drug, dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up

54
Q

thrombosis

A

the abnormal condition of having a thrombus.

55
Q

thrombotic occlusion

A

the blocking of an artery by a thrombus.

56
Q

thrombus

A

a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein. The plural form is thrombi.

57
Q

varicose veins

A

abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the superficial veins of the legs.

58
Q

venous thromboembolism

A

(VTE) is a blood clot that originates in a vein.

59
Q

ventricular fibrillation

A

also known as V-fib, consists of rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles.

60
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

also known as V-tach, is a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles.

61
Q
A
62
Q

Ischemia

A

BTCEM (10 decks)

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