chapter 6 Flashcards
who wrote the edict of milan and what was the edict of milan about?
constantine wrote it
the edict of milan made religious tolerance and legalized christianity
who was constantine?
the first influential leader
converted to christianity on his deathbed
when did the western roman empire fall?
476 AD
who was justinian?
most famous byzantine emperor, tried to grow the byzantine empire but it all ended poorly, preserved roman law (justinian’s code), built the hagia sophia
who were the co-rulers of the byzantine empire during justinian’s reign?
justinian and theodora
who was theodora?
wife of justinian, counseled justinian into not doing the nika revolt
what was the nika revolt?
nika means conquer
what is the hagia sophia?
hagia sophia means holy wisdom
was a church, then a mosque, then a museum, and back to a mosque
why did the eastern and western orthodox separate?
because of their differences
what was the division of the eastern and western orthodox called?
the great schism
what are the differences between the russain and eastern orthodox?
Western (roman catholic)- services are in latin, pope has authority over bishop, pope claims authority over all kings and emperors, priests cannot marry, you cannot divorce
Eastern Orthodox- services are in greek, patriarch or bishop head the church as a group, emperor claims authority over patriarchs and bishops, priests can marry, you can get divorced
what was the last city of the byzantine empire?
constantinople
when was the fall of constantinople?
1453
what was the weapon the greeks used to fight off other people?
greek fire
what were the reasons for the fall of constantinople?
rise of venice as a commercial competitor, rise of seljuk turks, captured and ransacked by crusaders in 1204, rise and expansion of ottoman turks, use of cannons to breach the walls of constantinople, asked help from the church and they refused
what does it mean when you get excommunicated?
it means that you cannot communicate to the church and you cannot participate in communion
who did bulger kill?
basil II
what is the largest ethnic group?
the slavs
who was rurik?
a varangian warrior, gained control of novgorod in 862
what did the slavs do for russia?
played a major role in establishing the early russian state
what were the different types of slavs?
west slavic- poles and czech
south slavic- also known as Yugoslavia (yugo means south)
east slavic- ancestors of the russians
what were varangians?
vikings
what was the holy city?
mecca
who was muhammad?
name means highly praised, claimed to be the prophet of allah, him and his followers fled mecca to head to medina and then comes back to mecca to destroy the idols
what are the 5 pillars of islam?
1- confession
2- prayers
3- purification
4- fasting
5- travel to mecca
what are caliphs and who was the first one?
successors, the ones in charge
Abu Bakr was the first caliph
what was significant about the battle of tours?
where the spread of muslims stopped
how did the byzantines influence russia?
tzar comes from caesar, architecture (onion shaped dome), made the cyrillic alphabet
what were the 3 reasons for the spread of islam?
1- arabs wanted to escape from poverty
2- byzantine and persian empire were weak
3- jihad “holy war”
what were the 3 muslim contributions?
1- medicine (small pox and tuberculosis)
2- literature (arabian nights)
3- math (arabic numbers, no more roman numerals, the #0
what was a mosque?
a muslim place of worship
who was yaroslav?
the last viking king, helped russia reach the height of power and prestige
what is the city of kiev known as?
mother of russian cities
who was vladimir I (the great)?
accepted christianity and made orthodox christianity the state religion of russia
