Chapter 6

Question 1

what is the one type of anxiety that is conscious according to freud

Answer 1

reality anxiety. response to a perceive threat in the real world

Question 2

Freud talked about defense mechanisms. Psychologists today call defense mechanisms coping strategies. What is different now?

Answer 2

Today focus on what is conscious. Conscious eforts to reduce anxiety in the face of a perceived threat.

Defense mechanisms are unconscious

Question 3

In the study where they showed people clips of work accident, what strategies people used to emotionally detach?

Answer 3

Denial: “it only happens to people that are not careful””
Intellectualization: “it doesn’t even look real” “that guy is defiantly an actor”

Question 4

in the study where they showed people work accident clips, what are the 2 categories of strategies that they found people cope with anxiety?

Answer 4

• involvement strategy: picturing oneself
• detachment strategy: reminding oneself that it’s not reality

Question 5

sensitizers vs repressors

Answer 5

sensitizers: tries to gain power over the situation by knowing more about it. want to learn about prevention

repressors: don’t think about it, go do something else.

Question 6

two kinds of active coping strategies

Answer 6

• Problem-focused strategies: takes care of the problem itself. Stress for exam. Study for exam. Actively doing something to deal with the source of the problem.
  • Emotion-focused strategies (when you can’t do anything about the problem-losing loved one, getting into car crash, failing exam, or something about someone else that you can’t change): dealing with emotion you’re having. Reframing. What can I learn from the experience?

Question 7

avoidance strategies

Answer 7

next time the person is in the room i’m leaving! Choosing not to deal with the problem. You make sure you don’t choose courses that have an oral presentation. Rather than dealing with anxiety.

Question 8

Coping flexibility

Answer 8

You’re able to use multiple ways to cope according to a given situation

Ideally you have different ways to deal with anxiety producing situations.

Question 9

what does coping flexibility help one with?

Answer 9

• higher sense of well-being
• experience fewer emotional problems

Question 10

what is the frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 10

suggests that frustration—defined as the blocking of goal-directed behavior—leads to aggressive behavior

Question 11

what is catharsis

Answer 11

release of repressed emotions and memories

Question 12

when does aggression cease?

Answer 12

when people experience catharsis

Question 13

in study where cut at front of the line vs at the back of the line: which one had more verbal/non verbal aggresion

Answer 13

front of the line had more aggression generally. But more nonverbal aggression

Question 14

study where participants had to do anagrams. one groupe were interrupted (frustration), one group was not (no frustration). after the participants have to evaluate by giving electric shocks

Answer 14

The ones that annoyed them were shocked significantly more times than the people that were not. Form of displacement.

showed how frustration does not necessarily lead to direct aggression. people displace aggression from a frustrating source to an innocent target

Question 15

study where people that were frustrated were told they could do anything
- Control
- Punching bag for exercise
- Punching bag thinking of their boss

which experienced the most anger?

Answer 15

punching bag thinking of their boss experienced the most anger. No reduction of anger

Engaging in aggressive actions to deal with frustration simply doesn’t seem to work. Will make you a more aggressive person.

Question 16

Object relations theory

Answer 16

People and things that exist in early childhood becomes integrated in child personality. Way your parents act. Becomes integrated in your own personality.