Chapter 6

Question 1

Phonemes

Answer 1

Sounds that are the building blocks of language.
Young babies can hear phonemes, even those not in their language.
Infant directed speech may help children learn language. Formerly known as motherese.

Question 2

First steps to speaking

Answer 2

2 months-cooing
5-6 babbling
7-8 babbling with intonation
Even deaf children babble in sign language

Question 3

First words

Answer 3

Infants understand that words are symbols
Symbols represent actions and objects
Gestures are symbols that children start to use around the time they begin to talk

Question 4

Tips for parents

Answer 4

0-6 months- books simple with large pictures with primary colors cloth ones
6-12 months board books chunky heavy, fun to put in mouths and such. With familiar objects. Photo albums of family and friends
1-2 years chunky hard books still. Carry that won’t be destroyed. Children doing familiar things. Goodnight books teaching goodnight skills. Simple concepts like goodbye or hello. Simple rhymes and predictable text.

Question 5

Sign language

Answer 5

Infants can learn sign language before verbal language

Question 6

Fast mapping meaning to new words

Answer 6

Children experience a naming explosion around 18 months of age, rapidly acquiring new words. Joint attention, constraints, and sentence cues help children map fast meanings onto words.
Underextensions and over extensions are 2 common naming errors.

Question 7

Boz blocks

Answer 7

Knowing the different one, logically pick out which one would be the box block.

Question 8

Styles of learning language

Answer 8

Referential style

Expressive style

Question 9

Referential style

Answer 9

Vocabularies consist mainly of words that name objects persons or actions

Question 10

Expressive style

Answer 10

Vocabularies include many social phrases that are used as a single word.
Go away
I want it

Question 11

Conclusions

Answer 11

Children are capable of learning memory and forgetting

Construct understanding of the world by creating schemes mental categories of related events objects and knowledge

Question 12

Assimilation

Answer 12

Cognitively incorporating new experiences into existing schemas

Question 13

Accommodation

Answer 13

Cognitive modification of schemas as a result of experience

Question 14

Equilibration

Answer 14

The process of reorganizing schemas to incorporate new information or experience