Chapter 6

Question 1

What is language?

Answer 1

Means of transmitting information and sharing experiences

Question 2

What is linguistics?

Answer 2

The modern scientific study of all aspects of language

Question 3

What is phonetics?

Answer 3

The study of the production, transmission, and reception of speech sounds ( about 6000 languages presently exist)

Question 4

What is phonology?

Answer 4

It is the sounds
-Capability to make the sounds in any language

Question 5

What is phonemes?

Answer 5

It the the smallest classes of sound that change meaning;
Fit, Bit, Sit, Pit=all are the smallest change in sound that changes meaning

Question 6

What is morphology?
-Morpheme

Answer 6

The smallest unit of sounds that carry a meaning.
-Cat-s and dog-s ( each has two morphemes: cat and dog are free morphemes because they exist on their own as words but the -s is a bound morpheme because it must be attached to a word to carry meaning.
-s (bound morpheme that makes a word plural)

Question 7

What is syntax?

Answer 7

It is the rules or principles of phrase and sentence making. It’s grammar.

Question 8

What is Sapir- Whorf hypotheses?

Answer 8

-Language influences perception.
-Language establishes mental categories that affect ways people conceptualizer the world.

Question 9

What is the gesture-call system?

Answer 9

The body language and extra linguistic noises
90% of emotional information in English is transmitted by body language and tone of voice

Question 10

What is the gesture-system call: kinesics?

Answer 10

The system of notating and analyzing postures, facial expressions, and body emotions that convey messages.

Question 11

What is the gesture-call system: proxemics?

Answer 11

The study of how people use physical space in interpersonal interactions and the role that cultural paradigms play in defining what is proximate and what is over-proximate.

Question 12

What is the gesture-call system:touch?

Answer 12

It involves physical contact that transmits messages meaning the variable cross culturally.

Question 13

What is the gesture-call system: paralanguage?

Answer 13

It’s the cries, laughs, groans, and other sounds

Question 14

Factors in voice qualities?

Answer 14

Pitch, lip control, glottis control, articulation control, rhythm control, resonance, tempo

Question 15

What is diffusion?

Answer 15

It is the spread of customs or practices between cultures

Question 16

What are borrowed elements in diffusion?

Answer 16

Undergo modification, usually compatible, and sometimes local traits adapt

Question 17

What is Pidgin?

Answer 17

A language that combines and simplifies elements( vocabulary, syntax, and grammar) so that different populations who come into contact with each other can communicate

Question 18

What is Creole?

Answer 18

Over time, pidgin language develops its own language grammar and transforms into creole which becomes the mother tongue of the formerly different language populations.
eg. French Creole is spoken in several regions of Caribbean.