Chapter 6 Flashcards
Authenticity
the extent to which the analysis of a phenomenon corresponds with reality.
Confirmability
the extent to which a study’s results may be verified by an independent researcher.
Credibility
the extent to which the results of an analysis “fit” with the reality being depicted.
Dependability
the extent to which a researcher has produced accurate results, based on precise methods.
Equivocal
having the possibility of several different meanings; ambiguous.
External validity
the extent to which the findings drawn from the cases under examination may be used to make generalizations about phenomena outside the original study.
Impartiality
the extent to which a study offers findings based on observation and evidence, as opposed to opinion or conjecture.
Internal validity
the extent to which the researcher has produced results reflective of reality, as measured within the confines of the study.
Large-N study
research involving a large number of cases.
Measurement validity
the extent to which the measurement of a particular concept matches its operational definition.
Member checks
the process of verifying study results in consultation with its subjects.
Mixed methods research
research that uses a variety of qualitative and quantitative methodologies in the confines of a single study.
Objectivity
the extent to which a study’s results are unbiased by the researcher’s predispositions.
Plausibility
when compared with alternative accounts, the extent to which a study’s results offer a reasonable, believable account of reality.
Portability
the extent to which a study’s results may be used to draw conclusions about other cases not immediately under investigation.
Precision
the extent to which a study offers an accurate account of reality, based on the ability of other researchers to reach similar conclusions under similar circumstances.
Probability
the mathematical likelihood that the results of a study apply beyond the cases under examination to other cases under the same general category.
Qualitative research
the non-numerical examination of reality; typically conducted through the use of verbal depiction.
Quantitative research
the numerical examination of reality; typically conducted through the use of statistical analysis.
Reliability
the extent to which the measurement of a particular variable yields consistent results.
Small-n studies
research involving a small number of cases.
Transferability
the extent to which researchers can export the lessons drawn from one investigation to develop conclusions about another set of cases.
Triangulation
the use of multiple approaches to data collection and analysis as a means of drawing trustworthy conclusions about reality.
Trustworthiness
the extent to which a study produces legitimate knowledge.
Univocal
having one meaning; unambiguous.
Document analysis
A process in which the researcher collects and reviews existing written documents relevant to the topic at hand and incorporates the information from these documents into the analysis.
Textual analysis
The systematic study of texts
Content analysis
Focuses on the message features of texts, such as how frequently a particular term is used, the positioning, framing of messages, and the way messages are communicated.
Discourse analysis
The study of how texts are used within their societal context, and what texts can tell us about the larger society
coding
Process of moving from full text to either themes or variables
structural features
The objective descriptive facts about the presentation of a text, such as the length of the text, the location of the text, the authors, and so forth.
manifest content
the literal message being communicated by the text
latent content
the underlying message being communicated by the text
primary documents
original documents or artifacts
secondary documents
documents compiled or written from original documents and that typically include some form of synthesis, analysis, or interpretation
transcripts
a complete, verbatim record of the event following an interview, conversation, or experience
field research
the researcher travels to the area of study to access documents and individuals that cannot be accessed from the researcher’s home location
codebook
a detailed set of instructions informing research team members how to apply appropriate codes to each case in the study
intercoder reliability
different coders apply the same codes independently; researchers will typically have multiple coders manually code the same texts and then assess the results to look for consistency
discourses
key messages and ideas that combine together to convey meaning
If you want to conduct a mixed-methods analysis of Throne Speeches during Conservative governments post-World War II, you would conduct a __.
content analysis
Most documents have dates attached to them. Which element of making a causal claim does this support?
temporal order
Which of these is not something that can be reliably coded from a text?
What the author was thinking
__ is the literal, or surface, message being communicated by the text.
Manifest content
You read a content analysis that says it is looking at tweets with the hashtag #ableg posted by users within Canada during the first and last months of a legislative session. In this, a single tweet is the __.
unit of analysis
Content analysis projects can be __.
Quantitative and qualitative.
If you want to understand the power relations embedded in major documents concerning Indigenous sovereignty in Nunavut and Greenland, you would conduct a __.
Discourse analysis
Consider a discourse analysis that argues a major political party uses racially coded language in its messaging to appeal both to white voters with latent racist ideals as well as middle-class racialized citizens. Which of these is true of this argument?
This research is theory-building.
Whereas __ focuses on learning information from texts, __ focuses on analyzing the texts themselves.
document analysis; textual analysis
reactivity
a form of bias in which research subjects consciously or unconsciously alter their behaviours or responses due to the presence of the researcher and/or their awareness of the research study.
