Chapter 1 Flashcards
Authenticity
the extent to which the analysis of a phenomenon corresponds with reality.
Confirmability
the extent to which a study’s results may be verified by an independent researcher.
Credibility
the extent to which the results of an analysis “fit” with the reality being depicted.
Dependability
the extent to which a researcher has produced accurate results, based on precise methods.
Equivocal
ambigious
Impartiality
the extent to which a study offers findings based on observation and evidence, as opposed to opinion or conjecture.
Internal validity
the extent to which the researcher has produced results reflective of reality, as measured within the confines of the study.
Large-N study
research involving a large number of cases.
Measurement validity
the extent to which the measurement of a particular concept matches its operational definition.
Member checks
the process of verifying study results in consultation with its subjects. (p. 45)
Objectivity
the extent to which a study’s results are unbiased by the researcher’s predispositions.
Plausibility
when compared with alternative accounts, the extent to which a study’s results offer a reasonable, believable account of reality.
Portability
the extent to which a study’s results may be used to draw conclusions about other cases not immediately under investigation.
Precision
the extent to which a study offers an accurate account of reality, based on the ability of other researchers to reach similar conclusions under similar circumstances.
Probability
the mathematical likelihood that the results of a study apply beyond the cases under examination to other cases under the same general category.
Qualitative research
the non-numerical examination of reality; typically conducted through the use of verbal depiction.
Quantitative research
the numerical examination of reality; typically conducted through the use of statistical analysis.
Reliability
the extent to which the measurement of a particular variable yields consistent results.
Small-n studies
research involving a small number of cases.
Transferability
the extent to which researchers can export the lessons drawn from one investigation to develop conclusions about another set of cases.
Triangulation
the use of multiple approaches to data collection and analysis as a means of drawing trustworthy conclusions about reality.
Trustworthiness
the extent to which a study produces legitimate knowledge.
Univocal
having one meaning; unambiguous
arguments
positions supported by reasons
evidence
observed and measurable information.
scientific approach to politics
uses critical thought as a guide to our perceptions of the political world
Normative analysis is based on what?
Normative arguments are based on reason and logic
empirical research
bases its arguments on evidence obtained from observation and measurement of the physical and social worlds
What does Political Philosophy focus on (normative or empirical?)
normative
intersubjectivity
empirical research independently conducted by many people
science
is a set of beliefs about the natural world
epistemology
an approach to knowledge
methodology
a way of obtaining knowledge
empiricism
that knowledge is derived from real-world observation, rather than being derived a priori or by intuition
theories
integrated sets of explanations of the political world
determinism
everything has a cause
objectivity
science should create an accurate representation of reality
replication
knowledge is acquired through a continuous application of the scientific method
multi-method research
research approach in which research teams use a series of different data collection methodologies
mixed methods research
researchers integrate qualitative and quantitative research approaches
Research that is based on a database of three thousand survey responses would be called: qualitative research mixed-methods research large-n research replication research
Large-n Research
"Democracy is the best type of political regime for human societies.” This is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_. a normative statement an empirical statement an observation a paradigm
A normative statement
Scientific research starts with \_\_\_\_\_\_. problem identification data collection replication hypothesis formation
Problem identification
Intersubjectivity requires that more than one observation occur; in the scientific process this practice is known as \_\_\_\_\_\_. empirical analysis normative analysis knowledge replication
Replication
The chief characteristic of interpretivism is the idea that ________.
positivism is the wrong approach to research methods
it is possible to objectively measure most social and political phenomena
every event has an explanation or cause
total objectivity by researchers is impossible
Total objectivity by researchers is impossible
A paradigm is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a fact an argument a framework for understanding a hypothesis
A framework for understanding
Epistemology refers to the study of \_\_\_\_\_\_. the scientific method social movements history knowledge
Knowledge
“People with a higher level of education are more likely to vote than those with lower education.” This is an example of a \_\_\_\_\_\_. theory hypothesis null hypothesis fact
Hypothesis
Science is \_\_\_\_\_\_ . a set of rules that help us understand the world around us a set of facts the study of empirical analysis the study of normative analysis
A set of rules that help us understand the world around us
Postmodernism is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_ approach. an interpretivist a normative an empiricist a scientific
An Interpretivist
Democracy is the best type of political regime for human societies.” This is an example of __.
a normative statement
