Chapter 3

Question 1

Informed Consent

Answer 1

Meaning that research subjects understand the nature of the study and its potential risks

Question 2

Basic Research

Answer 2

Research that seeks to advance knowledge purely for knowledge’s sake

Question 3

Confidentiality

Answer 3

Means that the researcher knows the research subjects’ identities but ensures that this information is not shared with individuals outside the research team

Question 4

Anonymity

Answer 4

Means that the researcher does not know the research subjects’ identities and that the research details cannot be combined in a manner that would reveal the subjects’ identities

Question 5

P-hacking

Answer 5

A data manipulation practice in which researchers change their statistical models by selectively including or excluding variables in order to achieve statistically significant results.

Question 6

Intellectual property

Answer 6

Ideas expressed in a research publication, a public presentation, or even a university lecture class

Question 7

Experimental research

Answer 7

Research that involves the researcher intervening in some way to randomly assign some subjects to a treatment group and others to a control group before an event takes place.

Question 8

Knowledge Mobilization

Answer 8

A term used to describe the practical social application of research.

Question 9

Policy Analysis

Answer 9

The analysis of public policy processes or outcomes.

Question 10

Privacy

Answer 10

According to the TCPS 2, an individual’s right to be free from intrusion or interference by others.

Question 11

Tri-Council Policy Statement

Answer 11

Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2): a document that establishes a framework of ethical guidelines for research on human subjects in Canada.

Question 12

Big data

Answer 12

Content data from digital and social media

Question 13

Secondary data

Answer 13

Data collected by other research

Question 14

basic research

Answer 14

research that seeks to advance knowledge purely for knowledge’s sake

Question 15

right to withdraw.

Answer 15

to leave the study

Question 16

publication bias

Answer 16

in which quantitative research that provides support for a hypothesis in the form of statistically significant results is more likely to be accepted for peer review publication than research that does not present statistically significant results

Question 17

preregistration:

Answer 17

researchers submit their research design, hypotheses, and data analysis plan to a registry prior to starting data collection, or prior to starting analysis of a pre-existing dataset.

Question 18

According to the TCPS 2, the following is not a criterion for which a research ethics board (REB) may approve research that does not require standard consent procedures: ______.
The participant will be debriefed at a later time
The research involves no more than minimal risk
It is not possible to carry out the research if prior consent is required
The lack of consent is unlikely to affect the welfare of the participant

Answer 18

It is not possible to carry out the research if prior consent is required

Question 19

In cases where full knowledge of the true purpose of the research may influence or condition participants’ answers to research questions, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ may sometimes be justified.
stigmatization
refining the sample
deception
termination of the project

Answer 19

deception

Question 20

Which one of these concerns is specific to ethical challenges in data storage?
How will you ensure a high enough response rate to your survey?
How will you ensure that the data you collect will be anonymous?
How will you prevent data on a cloud-based service from getting hacked?

Answer 20

How will you prevent data on a cloud-based service from getting hacked?

Question 21

Research is likely to be deemed threatening when it ______.
gives research participants full disclosure
fails to receive funding
impinges on the vested interests of powerful persons
reports null results

Answer 21

impinges on the vested interests of powerful persons

Question 22

The concept of \_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to the possibility that a particular data analysis may be used against the interests of the group from which respondents were drawn.
betrayal
confidentiality
plagiarism
knowledge mobilization

Answer 22

Betrayal

Question 23

The following statement regarding ethical guidelines for social science research is not true: ______.
They are now more than normative
They are meant to muzzle the engagement of political scientists in public policy debate
They are generally embodied in specific institutional documents
They are generally policed by ethics review committees

Answer 23

They are meant to muzzle the engagement of political scientists in public policy debate

Question 24

The most common form of dissemination for academic research is through \_\_\_\_\_\_.
research reports
general-interest website
peer-reviewed scholarly publications
the popular press

Answer 24

Peer-reviewed scholarly publications

Question 25

In a research program involving __, TCPS 2 guidelines indicate that researchers should obtain both the informed consent of each research subject and of the community that is the subject of the study.

Answer 25

Aboriginal Peoples

Question 26

Which one of these concerns is specific to ethical challenges in data storage?

Answer 26

cloud-based data could be hacked

Question 27

The most common form of dissemination for academic research is through __.

Answer 27

peer-reviewed scholarly articles

Question 28

In matters of questionnaire design, researchers must __.

Answer 28

ask only what they need to ask

Question 29

The concept of __ refers to the possibility that a particular data analysis may be used against the interests of the group from which respondents were drawn.

Answer 29

betrayal

Question 30

Research is likely to be deemed threatening when it __.

Answer 30

impinges on the vested interests of powerful persons

Question 31

Many of the ethical guidelines currently employed in the social sciences find their roots in __ research.

Answer 31

medical

Question 32

According to the TCPS 2, the following is not a criterion for which a research ethics board (REB) may approve research that does not require standard consent procedures: __.

Answer 32

It is possible to carry out the research if prior consent is required

Question 33

The following statement regarding ethical guidelines for social science research is not true: __.

Answer 33

They are meant to muzzle the engagement of political scientists in public policy debate

Question 34

In cases where full knowledge of the true purpose of the research may influence or condition participants’ answers to research questions, __ may sometimes be justified.

Answer 34

deception