Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

When should decisions about coauthorships be made?

A

Early on in the research process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do good coauthors do?

A

1) Adhere to the highest ethical and professional standards
2) Ask alot of questions
3) Pay attention to details
4) Provide valuable feedback
5) Committed to developing their technical writing skills
6) Disclose conflicts of interest
7) Accept responsibility for their contributions and for the whole project
8) Treat all members with respect
9) Respond quickly and never miss a deadline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most researchers serve as middle coauthors before moving into a lead author role for the first time. What does “middle coauthors” mean?

A

Ones who are not listed first or last in the order of coauthors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anyone who is contributing and wants to be considered for inclusion in the coauthor list should do what?

A

Have a conversation with the lead author as early as possible in the research process so that roles and responsibilities can be clarified.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who constructs the list of coauthors? What is the list based on?

A

The lead author; widely accepted disciplinary standards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or false;

All decisions about coauthorship should be transparent and communicated to potential coauthors only.

A

False; All decisions about coauthorship should be transparent and communicated to potential coauthors and those who will be acknowledged, but not considered coauthors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which committee has established critera for coauthorship?

A

The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

To earn coauthorship, a researcher must meet all four of the following conditions:

A

1) Making substantial contributions to conception and design of the study and/or data collection, analysis, or interpretation
2) Drafting the article and/or providing critical revisions of intellectual content
3) Approving the final version of the article that is submitted and published
4) Accepting responsibility for the integrity of the paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false:

Participating in design, conduct, and analysis is sufficient to earn authorship.

A

False; it also requires participation of writing the report.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A manuscript should not be submitted to a journal until all the coauthors have done what?

A

Consented to the submission and agreed to accept responsibility for the integrity of their contributions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are ghost authorships? Are they allowed?

A

Someone who makes a substantial intellectual contribution is not appropriately recognized; no it’s not allowed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a gift authorship; is it allowed?

A

When someone is given honorary coauthorship without having significantly contributed to the work; no it’s not allowed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anyone who contributes to a paper but does not meet the coauthorship requirements should be:

A

Named in the acknowledgments section, NOT added to the list of coauthors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Usually, who is listed as the first author?

A

The lead author (involved in most of the writing) OR the person who does most of the writing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If there is any doubt about who should be the first author, what should be done?

A

There should be a consultation with all of the people who took a major role in conducting the study to decide who the first author should be.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are the remaining authors listed?

A

In order of contribution (Time dedicated + intellectual contribution)

17
Q

When many coauthors are involved and it becomes difficult to quantify the relative contributions of authors, what should be done?

A

They should be consulted about their preferences, BUT the best solution is to list them in alphabetical order.

18
Q

What is the one exception to the rule about listing authors in order of contribution?

A

The senior author is often listed as the last author even if he was heavily involved in the process.

19
Q

What are the roles of the senior author?

A

1) Provides clarity, direction, and feedback
2) Serves a mediator
3) Provides insight into disciplinary standards
4) Prevents or resolves many of the issues that might befuddle a newer researcher

20
Q

What should be done ahead of time in order to avoid last-minute debates over which individuals have made important contributions to a research project?

A

Deciding what the roles and responsibilities of each member of the team are and how they will earn coauthorship.

21
Q

The lead researcher should check with each contributor about expectations so that there will be no surprises about coauthorship. When should this conversation take place?

A

Before anyone begins work on project-related tasks.

22
Q

What is an important metric of success in the sciences and academia?

A

Publications

23
Q

What is usually the only reward for the time and effort put into a research project?

A

Authorship.

24
Q

Some journals require a description of what each coauthor did. What might be helpful to do?

A

To write a statement about what each person will do BEFORE writing any other part of the paper.

25
Q

If circumstances cause change to the expected contributors, what needs to be done?

A

Everyone needs to be informed and consulted of this change.

26
Q

If coauthors have any concerns, who should they speak to first?

A

The lead author

27
Q

Any disputes over authorship or the order of authorship should be referred back to who?

A

The senior researcher. (The ICMJE guidelines, relevent professional societies, and/or the target journal may also be helpful)