Chapter 6 Flashcards
Battle of Lexington
Won by British, Hancock and Adams already warned a militia ready to fight lead by John Parker, nobody knows who fired first
Battle of Concord
Won by colonists, lots of colonial soldiers— redcoats had to cross north bridge but militia camped it and redcoats retreated
2nd Continental Congress
Colonial government, John Hancock was presiding officer, organized war effort— continental army
Commander in Chief of continental army
George Washington
Olive Branch
Peace petition rejected by King George III— he didnt even read it!
Three generals receiving promotion after Gage demoted
Howe, Burgoyne, Clinton
Howe
The best, always wins, serious
Burgoyne
Vain, loses battles, found as “attractive” (looks like a hamster)
Clinton
The last man standing type of army general
Battle of Bunker / Breed’s hill
Colonists ran out of ammo so British had a Pyrrhic victory— 1,000 British casualties.
Battle of Ft. Ticonderoga
Henry Knox steals 59 cannons back to Boston after Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold take control of Ft. Ticonderoga and its weapons. They surround the British and British retreats
General John Pitcairn
General at Bunker Hill
Dr. Joseph Warren
Margaret Gage’s doctor, Paul revere’s friend, dies during Bunker Hill
Peter Salem
Black slave who shot General Pitcairn leading the charge at Bunker Hill. His feat was marginalized, even though he did one of the MOST IMPORTANT things in the Revolutionary War.
“Common Sense”
A book written by Thomas “Tom” Paine, about the common sense and etiquette that all people should have. 500,000 copies sold!
Deceleration of Independence (original draft)
Written by Thomas Jefferson, edited by Ben Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, & Robert Livingston
Redcoats after Bunker Hill
Go up to Novascotia, Canada, and get 30,000 men for reinforcements, then go to attack NY.
What happened in NY (hint: Howe)
William Howe crushes Washington and continental army in NY
British’s two mistakes
- Underestimated the colonists
2. Captured cities but never captured American Spirit
Washington crossing the Deleware River
Awful circumstances— painting is completely inaccurate! Raging winds, bitter cold, ice-choked river, no shoes, on Christmas Night
December 25th, 1776 (technically December 26th because past midnight)
Washington and his army surprise attack against Hessian forces in New Jersey.
Hessians
Working for the British but didnt care who won’t the battle, just wanted money. German foreign mercenaries
battle of Trenton
Caught Hessians off-guard, 1,400 Hessians surrender
Battle of Princeton
New Years Day— colonists attack Princeton, NJ— back to back win!
