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Nursing > Chapter 52 Antidiabetics > Flashcards

Chapter 52 Antidiabetics Flashcards

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0
Q

Protein secreted from the beta cells of the pancreas

A

Insulin

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1
Q

Dx resulting from deficient glucose metabolism

A

Diabetes mellitus

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2
Q

Type of diabetes with no beta cell function

A

Type I

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3
Q

Type of diabetes with some beta cell function

A

Type 2

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4
Q

Diabetic acidosis

A

Ketoacidosis

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5
Q

Tissue atrophy

A

Lipodystrophy

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6
Q

Increased thirst

A

Polydipsia

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7
Q

Increased hunger

A

Polyphagia

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8
Q

Hyperglycemia on awakening

A

Dawn phenomenon

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9
Q

Intermediate acting insulin
NPH insulin
Lispro insulin

A

NPH insulin agitate because cloudy

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10
Q

Tissue atrophy

A

Lipodystrophy

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11
Q

Oral hypoglycemic drug group

A

Sulfonylureas

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12
Q

Hyperglycemic hormone that stimulates glucogenolysis

A

Glucagon

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13
Q

Rapid acting insulin
NPH INSULIN
Lispro

A

Lispro

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of insulin shock (hypoglycemic reaction)

A 
Nervousness 
Tremors
Cold and clammy skin
Slurred speech
Headache
Excessive perspiration
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15
Q

Drugs that may cause hyperglycemia

A

Epinephrine
Hydrochlororothiazide
Prednisone

16
Q

What is only type of insulin that may be given IV
Lantus
NPH
regular

A

Regular

17
Q

Clinical manifestations seen with diabetic ketoacidosis (hyperglycemia)

A 
Dry mucous membranes
Fruity breath odor
Kussmaul respirations
Polyuria
Thirst
18
Q 
Patient has type 1 diabetes. Which med should the patient not use to control his diabetes 
Apidra 
Humalog 
Novolog 
Tolinase
A

Tolinase because first generation intermediate acting oral antidiabetic agent

19
Q

When giving both NPH and regular insulin at same time, which is drawn into syringe first

A

Regular

20
Q

Name some actions to develop for site rotation pattern

A

Choose an injection for one week
Inject insulin each day at the injection site at 1.5 inches apart
With two daily injection times, use the right side in the morning and the left side in the evening

21
Q

How long after NPH is given for insulin to peak
1–2 hours
2-6 hours
6-12 hours

A

6-12 hours

22
Q

Lantus which is a long acting insulin, which statements best describe it

A

Given in evening
It is available in a 3-ml cartridge insulin pen
Some patients complain of pain at the injection site

23
Q

What is a method to determine if patient has developed an allergy to insulin

A

Skin test with different insulin preparations

24
Q

What is an action of an oral hypoglycemic agent

A

It increases number of insulin cell receptors

25
Q

How is prandin different than insulin

A

Can only be used only when the is some beta cell function

26
Q

How does precose work

A

Inhibiting digestive enzymes in small intestine which release glucose from the complex carbs in diet

27
Q

How does the group of thiazolidinedione group of nonsulfonylureas work

A

Increase insulin sensitivity for improving glucose control

Actos is a drug in this group

28
Q

Patients taking actos and Avandia should be monitored with what lab test
Bun
Cardiac enzymes
Liver enzymes

A

Liver enzymes should be evaluated and monitored throughout treatment with thiazolidinediones

29
Q

How do ginseng and garlic affect insulin or antidiabetic drugs

A

Lower blood glucose level thus causing a hypoglycemic effect

30
Q

What are recommended guidelines for use of oral antidiabetics

A

Fasting blood sugar less than 200
Normal renal and hepatic function
Onset at age 40 years or older

31
Q

Which drugs or categories of drugs will interact with sulfonylurea

A

Anticoagulant
Anticonvulsant
Aspirin
Sulfonamides

32
Q

Contraindications for use of oral antidiabetic drugs

A

Breastfeeding
Pregnancy
Renal dysfunction
Severe infection

Nursing (10 decks)

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