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Nursing > Chapter 42 Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals, And Antidysrhythmics > Flashcards

Chapter 42 Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals, And Antidysrhythmics Flashcards

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0
Q

When compensatory mechanisms fail and the peripheral and lung tissues are congested

A

CHF

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1
Q

Resistance to left ventricular ejection.

The work the heart must overcome to fully eject blood from the left ventricle.

A

After load

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2
Q

Increases myocardial contraction stroke volume

A

Positive inotropic agent

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3
Q

Decreases heart rate

A

Negative chronotropic action

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4
Q

Decreases conduction

A

Negative dromotropic action

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5
Q

Cardiac dysrhythmias with rapid uncoordinated contractions of atrial myocardium

A

Atrial fibrillation

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6
Q

Cardiac dysrhythmia with rapid contractions of 200 to 300 beats per minute

A

Atrial flutter

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7
Q

What is the therapeutic serum level for digoxin between

A

0.8 to 2.0 ng/ml for digoxin

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8
Q

To treat heart failure should the higher or lower serum therapeutic serum levels

A

Lower

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9
Q

To treat atrial fibrillation should low or high therapeutic levels be obtained

A

Higher

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10
Q

Pulse rate below 60

A

Bradycardia

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11
Q

Condition of acute cardiac pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium due to either plaque occlusions within or spasms of the coronary arteries

A

Angina pectoris

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12
Q

Any deviation from the normal rate or pattern of the heartbeat

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia

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13
Q

Heart rate too fast

A

Tachycardia

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14
Q

Return of cell membrane potential to resting after depolarization

A

Repolarization

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15
Q

Volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole

Immediately before ventricular contraction

A

Preload

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16
Q

Increased rate of formation and excretion of urine

A

Dieresis

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17
Q

Elevated bp

A

Hypertension

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18
Q

Sodium loss in the urine

A

Natriuresis

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19
Q

Something that reduces high bp

A

Anti hypertensives

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20
Q

Amount of blood in ventricle at end of diastole
Preload
Afterload

A

Preload

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21
Q

Peripheral vascular resistance
Preload
Afterload

A

Afterload

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22
Q

Drug group used to treat disturbed heart rhythms

A

Antidysrhythmics

23
Q

Drug group used to control angina pain by relaxing coronary vessels

A

Nitrates

24
Q

Lack of blood supply to the heart muscle

A

Ischemia

25
Q

Causes cardiac muscles to contract more efficiently

A

Cardiac glycoside

26
Q

Cardiac glycosides are also called

A

Digitalis

27
Q

CCB that is effective in the long term treatment of angina and has the side effect of Bradycardia

A

Verapamil

28
Q

Cardiac dysthymias results in

A

Hypoxia

Hypercapnia

29
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors promote

Positive or negative inotropic action

A

Positive

30
Q

Example of phosphodiesterase

A

Milrinone

31
Q

How does quinidine help the heart

A

Slow how fast impulses travel through the heart

32
Q

What type of drug is propanol

A

Nonselective beta blocker

33
Q

What are the actions of Antidysrhythmics

A

Block adrenergic stimulation of the heart

Decrease conduction velocity

34
Q

What is lidocaine primarily used to treat

A

Ventricular dysrhythmia

35
Q

What priority teaching points should nurse include about verapamil

A

Eat lots of fiber to avoid constipation

This medication is taken three times a day

36
Q

What is the most potent CCB

A

Nifedipine

37
Q

CCB What lab values need to be monitored

A

Liver enzymes

38
Q

ANP AND BNP level indicate
Heart failure
MI

A

Heart failure

39
Q

Normal values of BNP

A

Less than 100

40
Q

What abnormal rhythm is digitalis given for

A

Atrial fibrillation

41
Q

What is usual maintenance dose of digoxin

A

0.125-0.5

42
Q

Therapeutic digitalis level

A

0.5 to 2 ng

43
Q

Signs of digitalis toxicity

A 
Nausea
Vomiting
Dizziness
Headache
Bradycardia
Green and yellow halos
44
Q

Antidote for digitalis toxicity

A

Digoxin immune Fab

45
Q

How often should pulse be taken for patient taking digitalis

A

Daily before dosing

46
Q

What priority health teaching should be given to a patient taking nitroglycerin

A

Sips of water may be taken to aid in absorption

Should be stored in cool dark place

47
Q

Duration of action of nitro patch

A

20-24 hours

48
Q

What is proper dose for acebutolol

A

200 mg q12h

49
Q

What type of drug is acebutolol

A

Cardio selective beta blocker

50
Q

What priority teaching should the nurse provide for patient just starting acebutolol

A

Do not stop abruptly

51
Q

Side effects of acebutolol

A

Diarrhea
Edema
Impotence
Vomiting

52
Q

Which herbs should you avoid when taking digitalis

A

Aloe

Ma-huang

53
Q

What conditions can directly lead to cardiac dysrhythmia

A

Electrolyte imbalance
Excess catecholamines
Hypoxia

54
Q

Angina that occurs with stress or exertion

A

Classic

55
Q

Angina that occurs with increased frequency and is unpredictable

A

Unstable

56
Q

Angina that is known as vasospastic or prinzmetals and occurs at rest

A

Variant

Nursing (10 decks)

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