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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5 Words > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anesthesiology

A

Study of administration of agents capable of bringing about a loss of sensation/awareness

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2
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders

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3
Q

Emergency Medicine

A

Care of patients that requires sudden and immediate action

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4
Q

Family Practice

A

Primary care of all members of the family on a continuous basis

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5
Q

Internal Medicine

A

Diagnosis and treatment of usually complex, non-surgical disorders in adults

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6
Q

Ophthalmology

A

Study of the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders

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7
Q

Pathology

A

Study of the diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease.

Diagnosis of disease by examining cells and tissues.

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8
Q

Psychiatry

A

Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind

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9
Q

Radiology

A

Study of the diagnosis using x-ray studies including ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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10
Q

Surgery

A

Treatment by manual (SURG - means hand) or operative methods.

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11
Q

Internist

A

Specialist in internal medicine.

Adult comprehensive care in office or hospital setting.

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12
Q

Allergist

A

Specialist in treatment of hypersensitivity reactions.
Skin testing to determine sensitive to antigens.
You would consult this medical specialist for hay fever (hypersensitivity reaction).

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13
Q

Anesthesiologist

A

Specialist in administration of agents to prevent pain and unpleasant awareness during surgical and other procedures.
Catheter and IV line insertion for sedation during surgery.

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14
Q

Cardiologist

A

Specialist in treatment of heart disease.
Ultrasound examination of the heart; angioplasty.
Treats heart disorders

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15
Q

Cardiovascular Surgeon

A

Specialist of surgery on the heart and blood vessels.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Treats heart disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for coronary artery blockages (bypass surgery).

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16
Q

Colorectal Surgeon

A

Specialist of surgery on the colon and rectum.

Operates on the large intestine

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17
Q

Dermatologist

A

Specialist of treatment of skin disorders.
Treats disorders of the skin.
You would consult this medical specialist for acne (skin disorder)

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18
Q

Emergency Practitioner

A

Immediate evaluation and treatment of acute injury and illness in a hospital setting

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19
Q

Endocrinologist

A

Specialist of the treatment of endocrine gland disorder. Serum (blood) level of hormones.
Treats thyroid and pituitary glands.
You would consult this medical specialist for a thyroid gland enlargement.

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20
Q

Family Practitioner

A

A doctor of primary care treatment for families on a continuous basis

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21
Q

Gastroenterologist

A

Specialist of the treatment of the stomach and intestinal disorders.
Esophagoscopy and colonoscopy
Treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders

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22
Q

Geriatrician

A

Specialist of the treatment of diseases of old age.

A doctor who specializes in the treatment of old people.

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23
Q

Gynecologist

A

Specialist of the surgery and treatment for diseases of the female reproductive system.
Pap smear (microscopic examination of cells from the cervix and organs); hysterectomy
Treats female diseases

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24
Q

Hematologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of blood disorders.
Blood cell counts; Bone marrow biopsy.
Treats blood disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for anemia.

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25
Q

Hospitalist

A

Specialist in general medical care of hospitalized patients.

A physician who cares for hospitalized patients.

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26
Q

Infectious Disease Specialist

A

Specialist in the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, others).
A doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases that are cause by microorganisms.
You would consult this medical specialist for viral and bacterial diseases.

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27
Q

Nephrologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of kidney diseases. Kidney function tests; dialysis
Treats kidney diseases.
You would consult this medical specialist for kidney disease.

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28
Q

Neurologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of the nerve disorders.
Spinal and cranial nerve reflex tests.
Treats nerve disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for cerebrovascular accident.

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29
Q

Neurosurgeon

A

Specialist of the surgery on the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

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30
Q

Obstetrician

A

Specialist of the treatment of pregnant women; delivery of babies.
Delivers babies

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31
Q

Oncologist

A

Specialist of diagnosis and treatment of malignant and benign tumors
Treats tumors.
A doctor who treats cancerous tumors.
You would consult this medical specialist for breast cancer.

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32
Q

Ophthalmologist

A

Specialist in the surgical and medical treatment of eye disorders.
Vision tests; Retinoscopy
Treats eye disorders.
A doctor who specializes in surgery and medical treatment of disorders of the eye.

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33
Q

Orthopedist

A

Specialist in the surgical treatment of bone, muscle, and joint conditions.
Fixation of bone fracture; arthroscopic surgery
Treats broken bones.
A doctor who performs bone surgery.
You would consult this medical specialist for a dislocated shoulder bone.

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34
Q

Otolaryngologist

A

Specialist in the surgical treatment of ear, nose, and throat disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for otitis media.

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35
Q

Pathologist

A

Specialist in the diagnosis of disease by analysis of cells. Microscopic examination of biopsy samples; autopsies.
A doctor who reads biopsy samples and performs autopsies

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36
Q

Pediatrician

A

Specialist in the treatment of diseases of children.

Treats disorders of childhood

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37
Q

Physiatrist

A

Specialist in the treatment to restore function after injury or illness; physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist.
Rehabilitates after spinal injuries.
You would consult this medical specialist for rehabilitation after a herniated disk.

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38
Q

Psychiatrist

A

Specialist in the treatment of mental disorders.
Personality and mental function tests.
Treats mental disorders

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39
Q

Pulmonologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of the lung diseases.
Breathing function (spirometry) tests.
Treats lung disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for chronic bronchitis.

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40
Q

Radiologist

A

Specialist in the examination of x-ray images for diagnosis; interpretation of ultrasound, MRI, and nuclear medicine studies.
CT scan; MRI; ultrasound examination.
Examines x-ray images to diagnose disease.

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41
Q

Radiation Oncologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of disease with high-energy radiation.
Use of high-energy beams (photons and proton) to kill tumor cells.
Treats tumors using high-enery radiation

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42
Q

Rheumatologist

A

Specialist in the treatment of systemic diseases affecting joints and muscles.
You would consult this medical specialist for arthritis.

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43
Q

Thoracic Surgeon

A

Specialist in the surgery on chest organs

Operates on the chest

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44
Q

Urologist

A

Specialist in the surgery on the urinary tract and for treatment of male reproductive disorders.
Nephrectomy; cystectomy; prostatectomy
Operates in the urinary tract.
You would consult this medical specialist for urinary bladder displacement.

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45
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

Enlargement of the heart

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46
Q

Colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon and large intestines

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47
Q

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

A

Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Inflammation of the colon and large intestines.
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown

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48
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

Ulcerative colitis is confined to the colon.
Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown

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49
Q

Crohn’s

A

Crohn’s commonly affects the last part of the small intestine and may involve other areas of the gastrointestinal tract.
Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Inflammation of the colon and large intestines.
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown

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50
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

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51
Q

Endocrinology

A

Study of endocrine glands

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52
Q

Enteritis

A

Inflammation of the intestines

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53
Q

Anesthesiology

A

Study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness.

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54
Q

Gastroscopy

A

Visual examination of the stomach

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55
Q

Geriatrics

A

Treatment of disorders of old age

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56
Q

Gynecology

A

Study of women and diseases

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57
Q

Hematoma

A

Mass/tumor of blood

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58
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Pertaining to an adverse condition that results from a medical or surgical treatment

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59
Q

Laryngeal

A

Pertaining to the larynx

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60
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Disease condition of the lymph nodes (glands)

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61
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

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62
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

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63
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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64
Q

Mediastinal

A

Area between the lungs

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65
Q

Nephrostomy

A 
Opening of the kidney to the outside of the body. 
A catheter (tube) is inserted into the kidney for drainage of fluid.
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66
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in the nerve

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67
Q

Nosocomial

A

Pertaining to or originating in a hospital. A nosocomial infection is acquired during hospitalization.

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68
Q

Obstetric

A

Practice or branch of medicine concerned with the management of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the birth and the period just after delivery of the baby.

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69
Q

Orthodontist

A

Dentist specializing in straightening teeth

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70
Q

Oncogenic

A

Pertaining to producing tumors.

Oncogenic viruses give rise to tumors.

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71
Q

Ophthalmologist

A

Specialist in the study of the eye and its diseases

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72
Q

Optometrist

A

Non-medical specialist trained to examine and test eyes and prescribe proactive lenses.
An optometrist examines eyes and prescribes corrective lenses but cannot treat eye diseases.
A medical professional (non-physician) who examines eyes, prescribes eyeglasses, and treats eye disorders.

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73
Q

Optician

A

A non-medical specialist trained to provide eyeglasses by filling prescriptions.
Opticians grind lenses and fit glasses, and may treat eye diseases.
A medical professional who grinds lenses and fills prescriptions for eye glasses.

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74
Q

Orthopedist

A

Specialist in the surgical correction of musculoskeletal disorders.
PED/O comes from periods, the Greek word for “child”. In the past, orthopedists were concerned with straightening bone deformities in children. Today, they treat bone, muscle, and joint disorders in adults as well.

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75
Q

Otitis

A

Inflammation of the ear

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76
Q

Pathology

A

Study of disease

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77
Q

Periodontist

A

Dental specialist in the gums, (PERI- means surrounding)

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78
Q

Endodotist

A

Dental specialist in the root canal therapy (the root canal is the inner part of a tooth containing blood vessels and nerves)

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79
Q

Pedodontist

A

Dental specialist in the children (PED/O means child)

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80
Q

Prosthodontist

A

Dental specialist in the replacement of missing teeth with artificial appliances (PROSTH/O means artificial replacement)

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81
Q

Pediatrics

A

Pertaining to treatment of children

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82
Q

Psychosis

A

Abnormal condition of the mind

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83
Q

Pulmonary

A

Pertaining to the lungs

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84
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Treatment of disease with high-energy x-rays or particles.

Radiotherapy is also called radiation therapy.

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85
Q

Rectocele

A

Hernia of the rectum into the vagina

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86
Q

Rheumatology

A

Branch of medicine of inflammation, degeneration, or chemical changes in connective tissue such as joints and muscles.
Joints can fill with fluid when diseased - hence, RHEUMAT/O indicates a problem with a swollen joint.

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87
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

A chronic inflammatory disease of joints and connective tissues that leads to deformation of joints.
Rheumatoid arthritis first appears when patients (often women) are young, and it has an autoimmune components (antibodies are found that destroy joint tissue).

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88
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Most often appears in older patients (both men and women) and is marked by degenerative changes that cause destruction of the joint space. Knee and hip replacements may be helpful treatments for patients with osteoarthritis.

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89
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Discharge from the nose

90
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Incision into the chest

91
Q

Urology

A

Study of the urinary tract

92
Q

Vasculitis

A

Inflammation of blood vessels

93
Q

Acute myocardial ischemia

A

Sudden decrease of blood flow to the heart

94
Q

Angina

A

Sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to the heart muscle

95
Q

Antiarrhythmic

A

Pertaining to a drug that works against or prevents abnormal heart beat

96
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A drug that prevents clotting

97
Q

Coronary Angiogram

A

X-ray record of the blood vessels surrounding the heart

98
Q

Diuretic

A

A drug that causes the kidneys to allow more fluid to leave the body

99
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

100
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

Death of tissue in the heart muscle

101
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

A drug that relaxes muscles and opens blood vessels

102
Q

Spasm

A

Involuntary, sudden muscle contractions

103
Q

Stent

A

A tube inserted into a blood vessel, artery, or duct to keep it open

104
Q

Ventricular Arrhythmias

A

Abnormal heart rhythm originating in the lower chamber of the heart

105
Q

Anemic

A

Pertaining to anemia (lacking blood)

106
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstrual cycles

107
Q

Fibroids

A

Benign growth of muscle tissue in the uterus

108
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Removal/Excision of the uterus

109
Q

Leiomyomas

A

Benign tumor derived from smooth muscle/mass, often of the uterus

110
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Excessive bleeding from the uterus

111
Q

Sonogram

A

Record of sound waves after they have bounced off of organs in the body

112
Q

Ultrasound

A

Sound waves with greater frequency than can be heard by the human ear.

113
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment with drugs

114
Q

Diagnosis

A

Complete knowledge of a patients condition

115
Q

Fatigue

A

State of exhaustion or loss of strength

116
Q

Hepatic

A

Pertaining to the liver

117
Q

Hodgkin Disease

A

Malignant tumor of lymph nodes

118
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Disease of the lymph nodes (glands)

119
Q

Mediastinal

A

Pertaining to the mediastinum

120
Q

MRI

A

Image of the body with magnetic and radio waves

121
Q

Needle Biopsy

A

Removal of living tissue for microscopic examination by inserting a hollow needle through the skin

122
Q

Prognosis

A

Prediction as to the outcome of an illness or treatment

123
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Treatment of disease with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons or protons

124
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful or difficult urination

125
Q

Hematuria

A

Abnormal condition of blood in the urine

126
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract using ultrasonic vibrations (ESWL)

127
Q

Renal Calculus

A

Kidney stone

128
Q

Symptoms

A

Any subjective evidence of disease

129
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder

130
Q

Abdominal

A

Pertaining to the abdomen

131
Q

Anemic

A

Pertaining to anemia (lacking of blood)

132
Q

Barium

A

A substance used as a radio paque contrast medium for x-ray examination of the digestive tract

133
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Painful digestion

134
Q

Gastrectomy

A

Removal/Excision of the stomach

135
Q

Gastroscopy

A

Visual examination of the stomach

136
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting of blood

137
Q

Ulcer

A

Sore or defect in the surface of an organ

138
Q

Upper GI Series

A

Barium is swallowed and x-ray images are taken of the esophagus, stomach and small intestines

139
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery, which leads from the lower left chamber of the heart, to arteries all over the body

140
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor

141
Q

CT Scan

A

Series of x-ray images showing organs in cross section

142
Q

Hilum

A

Depression of that part of the organ where blood vessels and nerves enter

143
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

144
Q

Mediastinal

A

Pertaining to the mediastinum

145
Q

Posteroanterior

A

Back and front of the body

146
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Artery carrying blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

147
Q

Insulin Pump

A

Hormone produced by the pancreas and released into the bloodstream

148
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

149
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination

150
Q

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

A

Disorder marked by deficient insulin in the blood which causes sugar to remain in the blood rather than entering cells

151
Q

Callus

A

Bony deposit formed between and around the broken end of a fractured bone

152
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone

153
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller, lower leg bone

154
Q

Fixation

A

Act of holding, sewing or fastening a part in a fixed position

155
Q

Fracture

A

Breaking of a bone

156
Q

Intra-Abdominal

A

Pertaining to within the abdomen

157
Q

Pelvis

A

Lower part of the trunk of the body including the hipbone, tailbone, and sacrum

158
Q

Antihypertensive

A

A drug that reduces blood pressure

159
Q

Arteriovenous Fistula

A

An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein

160
Q

Chronic

A

Lasting a long time

161
Q

Hemodialysis

A

Complete separation of blood

162
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

163
Q

Hypotensive

A

Pertaining to low blood pressure

164
Q

Renal Failure

A

Pertaining to kidney failure

165
Q

Acute

A

Sudden, sharp, tense for a short period of time

166
Q

Aura

A

A strange sensation coming before a more definite symptom of illness

167
Q

Cephalgia

A

Pain in the kidney

168
Q

Dilation

A

Widening

169
Q

Frontal

A

Pertaining to the front

170
Q

Migraine

A

Attack of the headache, usually on one side of the head caused by changes in blood vessel size and accompanied by nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light

171
Q

Nausea

A

Unpleasant sensation in the upper abdomen, often leading to vomiting.

172
Q

Scotoma

A

Defect in vision in a defined area.
This abnormal area of the visual field is both “positive” (consisting of bright flickering imagery) and “negative” (displaying a relatively dark area that obscures the visual field) It is called a scintillating scotoma.

173
Q

Unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side

174
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Drug that narrows blood vessels, especially the smaller veins

175
Q

Pediatrics

A

Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders

176
Q

Clinical Medicine

A

A doctor who takes care of patients

177
Q

Surgeon

A

A doctor who operates on patients

178
Q

Research Medicine

A

A doctor who does experiments with test tubes and laboratory equipment

179
Q

Neurectomy

A

Removal of a nerve

180
Q

Oncology

A

Study of tumors

181
Q

Pathogenic

A

Pertaining to producing disease

182
Q

Laryngitis

A

Inflammation of the larynx (voice box)

183
Q

Colostomy

A

Opening of the large intestine to the outside of the body.

184
Q

Ophthalmoscopy

A

Visual examination of the eye

185
Q

Nephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney

186
Q

Colectomy

A

Removal of the large intestine

187
Q

Otalgia

A

Pain in the ear

188
Q

Psychotherapy

A

Treatment of the mind

189
Q

Pedunculated Polyp

A

Found in the colon. It arises from the mucosal surface of the colon and is projecting into the lumen of the colon.

190
Q

Geriatric

A

Pertaining to the treatment of older people

191
Q

Clinical

A

Pertaining to the bedside of a clinic

192
Q

Chiropractor

A

Treats health problems associated with muscular, nervous, and skeletal systems, especially the spine.

193
Q

Nurse Practitioner

A

Examines, diagnoses, and treats patients under the direct supervision of a physician.

194
Q

Audiologist

A

Works with people who have hearing problems by using testing devices to measure hearing loss.

195
Q

Dental Hygienist

A

Provides preventive dental care and teaches the practice of good oral hygiene

196
Q

Blood Bank Technologist

A

Collects, types and prepares blood and its components for transfusions.

197
Q

Nurse Anesthetist

A

Aids in the delivery of anesthesia during surgery.

198
Q

Dental Assistant

A

Assits a dentist with dental procedures.

199
Q

Diagnostic Medical Sonographer

A

Performs diagnostic ultrasound procedures

200
Q

Dietician/Nutritionist

A

Plans nutrition programs and supervises the preparation and serving of meals.

201
Q

Clinical Laboratory Technician

A

Performs tests to examine and analyze body fluids, tissues and cells.

202
Q

Home Health Aide

A

Cares for the elderly, disabled and ill persons in their own homes, helping them live there instead of an institution.

203
Q

Medical Laboratory Technician

A

Performs routine tests and laboratory procedures

204
Q

Health Information Management Professional

A

Designs, manages, and administers the use of health care data and information.

205
Q

ECG Technician

A

Operates an electrocardiograph to record ECG’s and for Holter monitoring and stress tests.

206
Q

Nuclear Medicine Technologist

A

Performs radioactive tests and procedures under the supervision of a nuclear medicine physician, who interprets the results.

207
Q

Emergency Medical Technician/Paramedic

A

Gives immediate are to acutely ill or injured persons and transports them to medical facilities.

208
Q

Medical Assistant

A

Helps physicians examine and treat patients and performs tasks to keep offices running smoothly

209
Q

Licensed Practical Nurse

A

Cares for the sick, injured, convalescing, and handicapped, under the direct supervision of physicians and registered nurses; provides basic bedside care

210
Q

Occupational Therapist

A

Helps individuals with mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabling conditions to develop, recover, or maintain daily living and working skills.

211
Q

Nursing Aide

A

Helps care for physically or mentally ill, injured, or disabled patients confined to nursing, hospital, or residential care facilities; also known as nursing assistants or hospital attendants.

212
Q

Respiratory Therapist

A

Evaluates, treats, and cares for patients with breathing disorders.

213
Q

Phlebotomist

A

Draws and tests blood under the supervision of a medical technologist or laboratory manager.

214
Q

Registered Nurse

A

Cares for sick and injured people by assessing and recording symptoms, assisting physicians during treatments and examinations, and administering medications.

215
Q

Radiation Therapist

A

Prepares cancer patients for treatment and administers prescribed doses of ionizing radiation to specific areas of the body.

216
Q

Ophthalmic Medical Technician

A

Helps ophthalmologists provide medical eye care

217
Q

Physician Assistant

A

Examines, diagnoses, and treats patients under the direct supervision of a physician

218
Q

Surgical Technologist

A

Assists in operations under the supervision of surgeons or registered nurses

219
Q

Physical Therapist

A

Improves mobility, relieves pain, and prevents or limits permanent physical disabilities in patients suffering from injuries or disease.

220
Q

Cardiographer / Radiologic Technologist

A

Produces x-ray images of parts of the body for use in diagnosing medical problems

221
Q

Speech-Language Pathologist

A

Asses and treats persons with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders

Medical Terminology (22 decks)

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