Chapter 5 Words Flashcards
Anesthesiology
Study of administration of agents capable of bringing about a loss of sensation/awareness
Dermatology
Study of diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders
Emergency Medicine
Care of patients that requires sudden and immediate action
Family Practice
Primary care of all members of the family on a continuous basis
Internal Medicine
Diagnosis and treatment of usually complex, non-surgical disorders in adults
Ophthalmology
Study of the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders
Pathology
Study of the diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease.
Diagnosis of disease by examining cells and tissues.
Psychiatry
Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology
Study of the diagnosis using x-ray studies including ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Surgery
Treatment by manual (SURG - means hand) or operative methods.
Internist
Specialist in internal medicine.
Adult comprehensive care in office or hospital setting.
Allergist
Specialist in treatment of hypersensitivity reactions.
Skin testing to determine sensitive to antigens.
You would consult this medical specialist for hay fever (hypersensitivity reaction).
Anesthesiologist
Specialist in administration of agents to prevent pain and unpleasant awareness during surgical and other procedures.
Catheter and IV line insertion for sedation during surgery.
Cardiologist
Specialist in treatment of heart disease.
Ultrasound examination of the heart; angioplasty.
Treats heart disorders
Cardiovascular Surgeon
Specialist of surgery on the heart and blood vessels.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Treats heart disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for coronary artery blockages (bypass surgery).
Colorectal Surgeon
Specialist of surgery on the colon and rectum.
Operates on the large intestine
Dermatologist
Specialist of treatment of skin disorders.
Treats disorders of the skin.
You would consult this medical specialist for acne (skin disorder)
Emergency Practitioner
Immediate evaluation and treatment of acute injury and illness in a hospital setting
Endocrinologist
Specialist of the treatment of endocrine gland disorder. Serum (blood) level of hormones.
Treats thyroid and pituitary glands.
You would consult this medical specialist for a thyroid gland enlargement.
Family Practitioner
A doctor of primary care treatment for families on a continuous basis
Gastroenterologist
Specialist of the treatment of the stomach and intestinal disorders.
Esophagoscopy and colonoscopy
Treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders
Geriatrician
Specialist of the treatment of diseases of old age.
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of old people.
Gynecologist
Specialist of the surgery and treatment for diseases of the female reproductive system.
Pap smear (microscopic examination of cells from the cervix and organs); hysterectomy
Treats female diseases
Hematologist
Specialist in the treatment of blood disorders.
Blood cell counts; Bone marrow biopsy.
Treats blood disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for anemia.
Hospitalist
Specialist in general medical care of hospitalized patients.
A physician who cares for hospitalized patients.
Infectious Disease Specialist
Specialist in the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, others).
A doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases that are cause by microorganisms.
You would consult this medical specialist for viral and bacterial diseases.
Nephrologist
Specialist in the treatment of kidney diseases. Kidney function tests; dialysis
Treats kidney diseases.
You would consult this medical specialist for kidney disease.
Neurologist
Specialist in the treatment of the nerve disorders.
Spinal and cranial nerve reflex tests.
Treats nerve disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for cerebrovascular accident.
Neurosurgeon
Specialist of the surgery on the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Obstetrician
Specialist of the treatment of pregnant women; delivery of babies.
Delivers babies
Oncologist
Specialist of diagnosis and treatment of malignant and benign tumors
Treats tumors.
A doctor who treats cancerous tumors.
You would consult this medical specialist for breast cancer.
Ophthalmologist
Specialist in the surgical and medical treatment of eye disorders.
Vision tests; Retinoscopy
Treats eye disorders.
A doctor who specializes in surgery and medical treatment of disorders of the eye.
Orthopedist
Specialist in the surgical treatment of bone, muscle, and joint conditions.
Fixation of bone fracture; arthroscopic surgery
Treats broken bones.
A doctor who performs bone surgery.
You would consult this medical specialist for a dislocated shoulder bone.
Otolaryngologist
Specialist in the surgical treatment of ear, nose, and throat disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for otitis media.
Pathologist
Specialist in the diagnosis of disease by analysis of cells. Microscopic examination of biopsy samples; autopsies.
A doctor who reads biopsy samples and performs autopsies
Pediatrician
Specialist in the treatment of diseases of children.
Treats disorders of childhood
Physiatrist
Specialist in the treatment to restore function after injury or illness; physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist.
Rehabilitates after spinal injuries.
You would consult this medical specialist for rehabilitation after a herniated disk.
Psychiatrist
Specialist in the treatment of mental disorders.
Personality and mental function tests.
Treats mental disorders
Pulmonologist
Specialist in the treatment of the lung diseases.
Breathing function (spirometry) tests.
Treats lung disorders.
You would consult this medical specialist for chronic bronchitis.
Radiologist
Specialist in the examination of x-ray images for diagnosis; interpretation of ultrasound, MRI, and nuclear medicine studies.
CT scan; MRI; ultrasound examination.
Examines x-ray images to diagnose disease.
Radiation Oncologist
Specialist in the treatment of disease with high-energy radiation.
Use of high-energy beams (photons and proton) to kill tumor cells.
Treats tumors using high-enery radiation
Rheumatologist
Specialist in the treatment of systemic diseases affecting joints and muscles.
You would consult this medical specialist for arthritis.
Thoracic Surgeon
Specialist in the surgery on chest organs
Operates on the chest
Urologist
Specialist in the surgery on the urinary tract and for treatment of male reproductive disorders.
Nephrectomy; cystectomy; prostatectomy
Operates in the urinary tract.
You would consult this medical specialist for urinary bladder displacement.
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the heart
Colitis
Inflammation of the colon and large intestines
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Inflammation of the colon and large intestines.
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown
Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis is confined to the colon.
Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown
Crohn’s
Crohn’s commonly affects the last part of the small intestine and may involve other areas of the gastrointestinal tract.
Signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding from the rectum.
Inflammation of the colon and large intestines.
Lesions can be identified, but causes of both types of IBD unknown
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
Endocrinology
Study of endocrine glands
Enteritis
Inflammation of the intestines
Anesthesiology
Study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness.
Gastroscopy
Visual examination of the stomach
Geriatrics
Treatment of disorders of old age
Gynecology
Study of women and diseases
Hematoma
Mass/tumor of blood
Iatrogenic
Pertaining to an adverse condition that results from a medical or surgical treatment
Laryngeal
Pertaining to the larynx
Lymphadenopathy
Disease condition of the lymph nodes (glands)
Axillary
Armpit
Inguinal
Groin
Cervical
Neck
Mediastinal
Area between the lungs
Nephrostomy
Opening of the kidney to the outside of the body. A catheter (tube) is inserted into the kidney for drainage of fluid.
Neuralgia
Pain in the nerve
Nosocomial
Pertaining to or originating in a hospital. A nosocomial infection is acquired during hospitalization.
Obstetric
Practice or branch of medicine concerned with the management of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the birth and the period just after delivery of the baby.
Orthodontist
Dentist specializing in straightening teeth
Oncogenic
Pertaining to producing tumors.
Oncogenic viruses give rise to tumors.
Ophthalmologist
Specialist in the study of the eye and its diseases
Optometrist
Non-medical specialist trained to examine and test eyes and prescribe proactive lenses.
An optometrist examines eyes and prescribes corrective lenses but cannot treat eye diseases.
A medical professional (non-physician) who examines eyes, prescribes eyeglasses, and treats eye disorders.
Optician
A non-medical specialist trained to provide eyeglasses by filling prescriptions.
Opticians grind lenses and fit glasses, and may treat eye diseases.
A medical professional who grinds lenses and fills prescriptions for eye glasses.
Orthopedist
Specialist in the surgical correction of musculoskeletal disorders.
PED/O comes from periods, the Greek word for “child”. In the past, orthopedists were concerned with straightening bone deformities in children. Today, they treat bone, muscle, and joint disorders in adults as well.
Otitis
Inflammation of the ear
Pathology
Study of disease
Periodontist
Dental specialist in the gums, (PERI- means surrounding)
Endodotist
Dental specialist in the root canal therapy (the root canal is the inner part of a tooth containing blood vessels and nerves)
Pedodontist
Dental specialist in the children (PED/O means child)
Prosthodontist
Dental specialist in the replacement of missing teeth with artificial appliances (PROSTH/O means artificial replacement)
Pediatrics
Pertaining to treatment of children
Psychosis
Abnormal condition of the mind
Pulmonary
Pertaining to the lungs
Radiotherapy
Treatment of disease with high-energy x-rays or particles.
Radiotherapy is also called radiation therapy.
Rectocele
Hernia of the rectum into the vagina
Rheumatology
Branch of medicine of inflammation, degeneration, or chemical changes in connective tissue such as joints and muscles.
Joints can fill with fluid when diseased - hence, RHEUMAT/O indicates a problem with a swollen joint.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic inflammatory disease of joints and connective tissues that leads to deformation of joints.
Rheumatoid arthritis first appears when patients (often women) are young, and it has an autoimmune components (antibodies are found that destroy joint tissue).
Osteoarthritis
Most often appears in older patients (both men and women) and is marked by degenerative changes that cause destruction of the joint space. Knee and hip replacements may be helpful treatments for patients with osteoarthritis.
Rhinorrhea
Discharge from the nose
Thoracotomy
Incision into the chest
Urology
Study of the urinary tract
Vasculitis
Inflammation of blood vessels
Acute myocardial ischemia
Sudden decrease of blood flow to the heart
Angina
Sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to the heart muscle
Antiarrhythmic
Pertaining to a drug that works against or prevents abnormal heart beat
Anticoagulant
A drug that prevents clotting
Coronary Angiogram
X-ray record of the blood vessels surrounding the heart
Diuretic
A drug that causes the kidneys to allow more fluid to leave the body
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Myocardial Infarction
Death of tissue in the heart muscle
Nitroglycerin
A drug that relaxes muscles and opens blood vessels
Spasm
Involuntary, sudden muscle contractions
Stent
A tube inserted into a blood vessel, artery, or duct to keep it open
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Abnormal heart rhythm originating in the lower chamber of the heart
Anemic
Pertaining to anemia (lacking blood)
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstrual cycles
Fibroids
Benign growth of muscle tissue in the uterus
Hysterectomy
Removal/Excision of the uterus
Leiomyomas
Benign tumor derived from smooth muscle/mass, often of the uterus
Menorrhagia
Excessive bleeding from the uterus
Sonogram
Record of sound waves after they have bounced off of organs in the body
Ultrasound
Sound waves with greater frequency than can be heard by the human ear.
Chemotherapy
Treatment with drugs
Diagnosis
Complete knowledge of a patients condition
Fatigue
State of exhaustion or loss of strength
Hepatic
Pertaining to the liver
Hodgkin Disease
Malignant tumor of lymph nodes
Lymphadenopathy
Disease of the lymph nodes (glands)
Mediastinal
Pertaining to the mediastinum
MRI
Image of the body with magnetic and radio waves
Needle Biopsy
Removal of living tissue for microscopic examination by inserting a hollow needle through the skin
Prognosis
Prediction as to the outcome of an illness or treatment
Radiotherapy
Treatment of disease with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons or protons
Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination
Hematuria
Abnormal condition of blood in the urine
Lithotripsy
Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract using ultrasonic vibrations (ESWL)
Renal Calculus
Kidney stone
Symptoms
Any subjective evidence of disease
Ureter
One of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Abdominal
Pertaining to the abdomen
Anemic
Pertaining to anemia (lacking of blood)
Barium
A substance used as a radio paque contrast medium for x-ray examination of the digestive tract
Dyspepsia
Painful digestion
Gastrectomy
Removal/Excision of the stomach
Gastroscopy
Visual examination of the stomach
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
Ulcer
Sore or defect in the surface of an organ
Upper GI Series
Barium is swallowed and x-ray images are taken of the esophagus, stomach and small intestines
Aorta
Largest artery, which leads from the lower left chamber of the heart, to arteries all over the body
Carcinoma
Cancerous tumor
CT Scan
Series of x-ray images showing organs in cross section
Hilum
Depression of that part of the organ where blood vessels and nerves enter
Lateral
Pertaining to the side
Mediastinal
Pertaining to the mediastinum
Posteroanterior
Back and front of the body
Pulmonary Artery
Artery carrying blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Insulin Pump
Hormone produced by the pancreas and released into the bloodstream
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst
Polyuria
Excessive urination
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Disorder marked by deficient insulin in the blood which causes sugar to remain in the blood rather than entering cells
Callus
Bony deposit formed between and around the broken end of a fractured bone
Femur
Thigh bone
Fibula
Smaller, lower leg bone
Fixation
Act of holding, sewing or fastening a part in a fixed position
Fracture
Breaking of a bone
Intra-Abdominal
Pertaining to within the abdomen
Pelvis
Lower part of the trunk of the body including the hipbone, tailbone, and sacrum
Antihypertensive
A drug that reduces blood pressure
Arteriovenous Fistula
An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein
Chronic
Lasting a long time
Hemodialysis
Complete separation of blood
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Hypotensive
Pertaining to low blood pressure
Renal Failure
Pertaining to kidney failure
Acute
Sudden, sharp, tense for a short period of time
Aura
A strange sensation coming before a more definite symptom of illness
Cephalgia
Pain in the kidney
Dilation
Widening
Frontal
Pertaining to the front
Migraine
Attack of the headache, usually on one side of the head caused by changes in blood vessel size and accompanied by nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light
Nausea
Unpleasant sensation in the upper abdomen, often leading to vomiting.
Scotoma
Defect in vision in a defined area.
This abnormal area of the visual field is both “positive” (consisting of bright flickering imagery) and “negative” (displaying a relatively dark area that obscures the visual field) It is called a scintillating scotoma.
Unilateral
Pertaining to one side
Vasoconstrictor
Drug that narrows blood vessels, especially the smaller veins
Pediatrics
Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders
Clinical Medicine
A doctor who takes care of patients
Surgeon
A doctor who operates on patients
Research Medicine
A doctor who does experiments with test tubes and laboratory equipment
Neurectomy
Removal of a nerve
Oncology
Study of tumors
Pathogenic
Pertaining to producing disease
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx (voice box)
Colostomy
Opening of the large intestine to the outside of the body.
Ophthalmoscopy
Visual examination of the eye
Nephritis
Inflammation of the kidney
Colectomy
Removal of the large intestine
Otalgia
Pain in the ear
Psychotherapy
Treatment of the mind
Pedunculated Polyp
Found in the colon. It arises from the mucosal surface of the colon and is projecting into the lumen of the colon.
Geriatric
Pertaining to the treatment of older people
Clinical
Pertaining to the bedside of a clinic
Chiropractor
Treats health problems associated with muscular, nervous, and skeletal systems, especially the spine.
Nurse Practitioner
Examines, diagnoses, and treats patients under the direct supervision of a physician.
Audiologist
Works with people who have hearing problems by using testing devices to measure hearing loss.
Dental Hygienist
Provides preventive dental care and teaches the practice of good oral hygiene
Blood Bank Technologist
Collects, types and prepares blood and its components for transfusions.
Nurse Anesthetist
Aids in the delivery of anesthesia during surgery.
Dental Assistant
Assits a dentist with dental procedures.
Diagnostic Medical Sonographer
Performs diagnostic ultrasound procedures
Dietician/Nutritionist
Plans nutrition programs and supervises the preparation and serving of meals.
Clinical Laboratory Technician
Performs tests to examine and analyze body fluids, tissues and cells.
Home Health Aide
Cares for the elderly, disabled and ill persons in their own homes, helping them live there instead of an institution.
Medical Laboratory Technician
Performs routine tests and laboratory procedures
Health Information Management Professional
Designs, manages, and administers the use of health care data and information.
ECG Technician
Operates an electrocardiograph to record ECG’s and for Holter monitoring and stress tests.
Nuclear Medicine Technologist
Performs radioactive tests and procedures under the supervision of a nuclear medicine physician, who interprets the results.
Emergency Medical Technician/Paramedic
Gives immediate are to acutely ill or injured persons and transports them to medical facilities.
Medical Assistant
Helps physicians examine and treat patients and performs tasks to keep offices running smoothly
Licensed Practical Nurse
Cares for the sick, injured, convalescing, and handicapped, under the direct supervision of physicians and registered nurses; provides basic bedside care
Occupational Therapist
Helps individuals with mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabling conditions to develop, recover, or maintain daily living and working skills.
Nursing Aide
Helps care for physically or mentally ill, injured, or disabled patients confined to nursing, hospital, or residential care facilities; also known as nursing assistants or hospital attendants.
Respiratory Therapist
Evaluates, treats, and cares for patients with breathing disorders.
Phlebotomist
Draws and tests blood under the supervision of a medical technologist or laboratory manager.
Registered Nurse
Cares for sick and injured people by assessing and recording symptoms, assisting physicians during treatments and examinations, and administering medications.
Radiation Therapist
Prepares cancer patients for treatment and administers prescribed doses of ionizing radiation to specific areas of the body.
Ophthalmic Medical Technician
Helps ophthalmologists provide medical eye care
Physician Assistant
Examines, diagnoses, and treats patients under the direct supervision of a physician
Surgical Technologist
Assists in operations under the supervision of surgeons or registered nurses
Physical Therapist
Improves mobility, relieves pain, and prevents or limits permanent physical disabilities in patients suffering from injuries or disease.
Cardiographer / Radiologic Technologist
Produces x-ray images of parts of the body for use in diagnosing medical problems
Speech-Language Pathologist
Asses and treats persons with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders
