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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 Words > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abdominal

A

Pertaining to the abdomen

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2
Q

Admitting Diagnosis

A

Is a cause, before further evaluation, for admission to the hospital

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3
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front

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4
Q

Ascites

A

Abnormal intraperitoneal fluid can result from conditions such as liver disease, peritonitis, and ovarian cancer.
A collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called ascites

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5
Q

Body Cavity

A

A body cavity is a space that contains organs

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6
Q

Bronchial Tubes

A

One of two tubes that carry air from the windpipe to the lungs

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7
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

The visual examination of the bronchial tubes

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8
Q

Cannula

A

Tube

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9
Q

Cartilage

A

Flexible, fibrous connective tissue, found as part of the nose, ears, voice box, and windpipe and chiefly attached to bones at joints

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10
Q

Cervical

A

Pertaining to the neck of the body or of the uterus

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11
Q

Coccygeal

A

Pertaining to the coccyx/tailbone

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12
Q

Coccyx

A

Tailbone

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13
Q

Computed Tomography (CT Scan)

A

A series of x-ray images showing organs in cross-section (transverse view)

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14
Q

Craniotome

A

Bone saw

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15
Q

Craniotomy

A

Cutting into the skull

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16
Q

Cross Section

A

Division of an organ or the body into upper and lower portions

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17
Q

Diaphragm

A

The diaphragm is the muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities

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18
Q

Disk (disc)

A

A piece of flexible connective tissue, called a disk, lies between each backbone

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19
Q

Epiglottis

A

A flap of cartilage that closes over the trachea during swallowing so that the bolus (mass) of food travels down the esophagus and not the windpipe

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20
Q

Epithelial

A

Pertaining to the skin, surface tissue.
The term epithelial was first used to describe the surface (EPI - means upon) of the breast nipple (THELI/O) actually means nipple). More correctly, it describes the cells on the outer layer (surface) of the skin as well as the lining of the internal organs that lead to outside of the body.

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21
Q

Esophageal

A

Pertaining to the esophagus

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22
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube leading from the throat to the stomach

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23
Q

Frontal (coronal) Plane

A

Vertical plane that divides the body/organ into front and back portions

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24
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

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25
Q

Hypochondriac

A

Pertaining to under active cartilage.
This term refers to the regions of the abdominopelvic cavity under the cartilage of the ribs.
It also describes a person who experiences unusual anxiety about his or her health and has symptoms that can not be explained.
The Greeks thought that organs (liver and spleen) in the hypochondriac regions of the abdomen were the origin of imaginary illnesses.

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26
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Visual examination of the abdomen

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27
Q

Laparotomy

A

Incision into the abdomen

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28
Q

Laryngeal

A

Pertaining to the larynx (voice box).

The larynx is found in the upper part of the trachea

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29
Q

Laryngectomy

A

Removal of the larynx (voice box)

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30
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

31
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

32
Q

Lumbar

A

Pertaining to the loin/waste

33
Q

Lumbar Puncture “Spinal Tap”

A

The patient lies on his side with his knees up to the abdomen and the chin brought down to the chest. The physician inserts a needle between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae, and cerebrospinal fluid is withdrawn, or medicine can be injected

34
Q

Lymphocyte

A

White blood cells that fight disease. One type of lymphocyte (B cell) produces disease-fighting proteins called antibodies.

35
Q

Abdomen

A

Space below the chest that contains organs such as the stomach, liver and gallbladder

36
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A

Produces images of the body with magnetic waves

37
Q

Medial Sternotomy

A

A type of an incision, a straight incision made from the upper part of the sternum to the lower end of the sternum

38
Q

Mediastinal

A

Pertaining to the mediastinum (space between the lungs)

39
Q

Mediastinum

A

The large area between the lungs is the mediastinum. The heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes are in the mediastinum

40
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Divides the body vertically into right and left halves

41
Q

Ovary

A

One or two organs in the female abdomen that produces egg cells and female hormones

42
Q

Pelvic

A

Pertaining to the pelvis (bones of the hip)

43
Q

Pelvis

A

Bones of the hip

44
Q

Peritoneum

A

The organs in the abdomen are covered by a double membrane called the peritoneum.
Peritoneal fluid, produced by the peritoneum, lubricates it’s surfaces to prevent friction. With inflammation of the peritoneum (peritonitis), fluid may accumulate in the peritoneal cavity. This accumulation of fluid is called ascites.

45
Q

Peritoneal

A

Pertaining to the peritoneum

46
Q

Pharyngeal

A

Pertaining to the pharynx (throat)

47
Q

Pharynx (throat)

A

Organ behind the mouth that receives swallowed foods and delivers it into the esophagus

48
Q

Pleura

A

The lungs are each surrounded by a double membrane known as the pleura

49
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

In the event of inflammation or disease of organs or membranes, fluid may collect in the space between the membranes surrounding the organs. This collection of fluid in the pleural cavity is called a pleural effusion.

50
Q

Pleuritis

A

Inflammation of the pleura

51
Q

POA Diagnosis (present on admission)

A

Reflects incidental conditions that are noted and treated if necessary but are not a cause for hospital admission

52
Q

Posterior

A

Pertaining to the back, behind

53
Q

Principal Diagnosis

A

Is the cause, after evaluation, of the patients admission the hospital. The patients physician documents the finding during evaluation. Accurate assessment of the principal diagnosis is important for medical billing and coding

54
Q

Radiology

A

The study of x-rays

55
Q

Sacral

A

Pertaining to the sacrum

56
Q

Sacrum

A

Triangular bone in the lower back, below the lumbar bones and formed by 5 fused bones

57
Q

Sagittal (lateral) Plane

A

A vertical plane that divides the body/organ into right and left sides

58
Q

Spinal

A

Pertaining to the spine

59
Q

Spinal Column

A

Backbone

60
Q

Spinal Cord

A

The spinal cord is the nervous tissue within the spinal cavity. Nerves enter and leave the spinal cord and carries messages to and from all parts of the body

61
Q

Sternum

A

Breast bone

62
Q

Thoracic

A

Pertaining to the chest

63
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Cutting into the chest

64
Q

Trachea

A

Tube that carries air from the throat to the bronchial tubes (the windpipe)

65
Q

Tracheotomy

A

Cutting into the trachea (windpipe).
This procedure may be performed to open the trachea below a blockage from a foreign body or tumor. For an emergency procedure, any available instrument, even a barrel of a ball point pen, with the inner part removed, can be used to keep the airway open.

66
Q

Transverse (axial) Plane

A

A horizontal plane that divides the body/organ into upper and lower portions, as in a cross section

67
Q

Trocar

A

Sharp-pointed instrument used to puncture the wall of a body cavity

68
Q

Umbilicus

A

Navel

69
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder

70
Q

Urethra

A

Tubes that carry the urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

71
Q

Uterus

A

Muscular organ in a female that holds and provides nourishment for the developing fetus

72
Q

Vertebra

A

Backbone

73
Q

Vertebrae

A

Two or more bones

74
Q

Vertebral

A

Pertaining to the vertebra

Medical Terminology (22 decks)

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