Chapter 1 Words Flashcards
1
Q
Anemia
A
Lacking in blood. Deficiency of hemoglobin and/or in number of red blood cells, which results in reduced oxygen to blood cells.
Literally, anemia means a condition of “no blood”. Actually, it is a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in their ability to carry oxygen resulting from less hemoglobin, a protein that helps carry oxygen in red blood cells.
2
Q
Apex(s) Apices(p)
A
Pointed end of an organ
3
Q
Arthroscopy
A
Process of visual examination of a joint
4
Q
Arthralgia
A
Pain in a joint
5
Q
Arthritis
A
Inflammation of a joint
6
Q
Arthrogram
A
X-ray record of a joint
7
Q
Autopsy
A
To see with ones own eyes.
Examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death.
Viewing and examining a dead body with one’s own (self) eye. Here the root OPS- (viewing) is embedded in the suffix, -OPSY (process of viewing)
8
Q
Bacteria(p) Bacterium(s)
A
Type of one-cell organism whose genetic material is not organized with in a nucleus
9
Q
Biology
A
Study of life
10
Q
Biopsy
A
Removing living tissue for subsequent viewing under a microscope or other lab studies
-OPSY means (process of) viewing
11
Q
Bronchus(s) Bronchi(p)
A
Tube/tubes leading from the windpipe to the lungs
12
Q
Bursa(s) Bursae(p)
A
Sac of fluid near a joint
13
Q
Carcinoma
A
Cancerous tumor
14
Q
Calculus(s) Calculi(p)
A
Stone
15
Q
Cardiac
A
Pertaining to the heart
16
Q
Cardiology
A
Study of the heart
17
Q
Cephalic
A
Pertaining to the head
18
Q
Cerebral
A
Pertaining to the cerebrum
19
Q
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
A
Disorder of the blood vessels within the cerebrum. STROKE
-VASCULAR means pertaining to blood vessel
20
Q
Cerebrum
A
Largest part of the brain
21
Q
Cortex(s) Cortices(p)
A
Outer part of an organ
22
Q
Cystoscope
A
Instrument used to view the urinary bladder
The cystoscope is placed into the urinary bladder through the urethra within the penis
23
Q
Cytology
A
Study of cells
24
Q
Dermal
A
Pertaining to the skin
25
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
26
Dermatology
Study of the skin and its diseases
27
Diagnoses(p) Diagnosis(s)
Determination of the nature and cause of a disease.
Complete knowledge of a patients condition.
-SIS means state of; DIA- means complete
28
Diameter
Length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle when the end points are on the circle.
The suffix - METER means measurement.
DIA - means through in this term
29
Dysentery
Condition of painful intestines
30
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Record of electricity in the heart
(ECG) is the abbreviation
EKG is an older abbreviation
31
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Record of the electricity in the brain
EEG is the abbreviation
This record is helpful in determining whether a patient has a seizure disorder, such as epilepsy
32
Endocardium
Inner lining of the heart
33
Endocrine Glands
Organs that produce (secrete) hormones.
CRIN/O means to secrete (to form and give off). Examples of endocrine glands are thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. All of these glands secrete hormones within the body and into the bloodstream.
34
Endocrinology
Study of the endocrine glands
35
Enteritis
Inflammation of the small intestine
36
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell
37
Exocrine Glands
Glands that produce (secrete) chemicals that leave the body through tubes (ducts)
Examples of exocrine glands are sweat, tear, salivary glands, and mammary (breast) glands, which secrete substances to the outside of the body.
38
Adenitis
Inflammation of the glands
39
Ganglion(s) Ganglia(p)
Group of nerve cells
40
Gastrectomy
Removal of the stomach
41
Gastric
Pertaining to the stomach
42
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines
43
Gastroenterology
Study of the stomach and intestines
44
Gastroscope
Instrument used to view the stomach
45
Gynecology
Study of the female
46
Hematology
Study of blood
47
Hematoma
Mass or collection of blood under the skin. BRUISE
| -OMA means mass or tumor. In this term, -oma indicates a mass or swelling containing blood
48
Hemoglobin
Oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells
| -GLOBIN means protein. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells (erythrocytes) that helps carry oxygen in the blood
49
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
50
Hepatoma
Malignant tumor of the liver
| This is a cancerous (malignant) tumor, also called hepatocellular carcinoma
51
Hyperglycemia
Higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood.
| GLYC/O means sugar. Hyperglycemia may be a sign of diabetes mellitus. Mellitus means "sweet".
52
Hyperthyroidism
Excessive activity of the thyroid gland.
HYPER - means excessive.
The thyroid gland is in the neck. It secretes the hormone thyroxine, which helps cells burn food to release energy.
Also knows as Graves Disease
The thyroid gland produces too much hormone, which causes signs and symptoms such as rapid pulse, nervousness, excessive sweating, and swelling of tissue behind the eyeball (resulting in exophthalmos, or "bulging" of the eyes)
53
Hypoglycemia
Blood condition of decreased sugar.
| This condition results from too much insulin in the bloodstream. Symptoms are weakness, headache, and hunger.
54
Laparotomy
Incision of the abdomen
55
Laparoscope
Instrument to visually examine the abdomen
56
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdomen. Small incisions are made near the navel, and instruments are inserted into the abdomen for viewing organs and performing procedures such as tying off the fallopian (uterine) tubes.
57
Leukemia
Increased in malignant (cancerous) white blood cells in blood and blood marrow.
Large number of immature, cancerous cells are found in the bloodstream and bone marrow (inner part of bone that makes blood cells)
58
Leukocyte
White blood cell
59
Leukocytosis
Slight increase in the numbers of normal white blood cells as a response to infection.
This is an increase in numbers of normal white blood cells as a response to infection
60
Nephrectomy
Removal of a kidney
61
Nephrology
Study of the kidney and its diseases
62
Nephrosis
Abnormal condition of the kidney
63
Neural
Pertaining to the nerves
64
Neuralgia
Nerve pain
65
Neurologist
Specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of nerves and disorders
66
Neurology
Study of the nervous system and nerve disorder
67
Neurotomy
Incision of a nerve
68
Oncologist
Physician specializing in the study and treatment of tumors
69
Oncology
Study of tumors
70
Ophthalmology
Study of the eye
71
Ophthalmoscope
Instrument used to visually examine the eye
| This instrument allows the ophthalmologist to view both the outer and inner areas of the eye
72
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of bones and joints
73
Ovum(s) Ova(p)
Egg cell
74
Pathologist
Specialist in the study of disease using a microscopic examination of tissues, cells and autopsy examination
75
Pathology
Study of disease
76
Pericardium
Membrane surrounding the heart
77
Prognosis
Prediction as to the outcome of an illness or treatment.
| Before knowledge
78
Prostate Gland
Male gland that surrounds the base of the urinary bladder
79
Psychology
Study of the mind, especially in relation to human behavior
80
Psychosis(s) Psychoses(p)
Abnormal condition of the mind. In this serious mental condition, the patient loses touch with reality. Psychotic symptoms include hallucinations and delusions.
81
Renal
Pertaining to the kidney
82
Resection
Removal (excision) of an organ or a structure.
-SECTION means cutting into an organ, but RESECTION means removing some or all of an organ in the sense of cutting back or away. The Latin term means "a trimming or pruning"
83
Retrogastric
Pertaining to behind the stomach
84
Rheumatology
Branch of medicine dealing with inflammation degeneration or chemical changes in connective tissue, such as joints and muscles.
RHEUMAT/O = flow or watery discharge, which was once thought to cause aches and pains, especially in joints)
85
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose
86
Sarcoma
Malignant tumor of connective tissue, such as bone, muscle, fat or cartilage.
Sarcomas and carcinomas are both cancerous tumors. Seconds grow from fleshy (connective) tissue of the body, such as muscle, fat, bone and cartilage, whereas carcinomas arise from skin tissue and the limits of internal organs
87
Subgastric
Pertaining to below the stomach
88
Subhepatic
Pertaining to under the liver
89
Adenoma
Benign tumor of glandular tissue
| -OMA means tumor or mass
89
Subungual Hematoma
This is collection of blood under the nail
SUB - under
UNGU/O - nail
91
Transdermal
Pertaining to through the skin
92
Transgastric
Pertaining to across (through) the stomach
93
Transurethral
Pertaining to across (through) the urethra
94
Thrombocyte
Clotting cell
95
Thrombosis
Abnormal condition of clot formation. Thrombosis describes the condition of forming a clot (thrombus)
96
Urology
Study of the urinary tract
97
Varix(s) Varices(p)
Enlarged, swollen vein
98
Tubal Ligation
Interruption of the continuity of the fallopian tubes, as a means of preventing future pregnancy.
99
Vertebra(s) Vertebrae(p)
Backbone
100
Transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)
This is a surgical procedure to remove noncancerous (benign) growth of the prostate gland. Piece of the enlarged gland are removed through the urethra. The resectoscope contains a light, valves for controlling irrigating fluid, and an electrical loop that cuts tissue and seals blood vessels.
101
Osteogenic Sarcoma (bone cancer)
Malignant tumor of bone
| -GENIC means produced in
102
Edema
Swelling in tissues. Edema is often caused by retention (holding back) of fluid and salt by the kidneys.
