Chapter 3 Words Flashcards
0
Q
Adenectomy
A
Removal of a gland
1
Q
Acute
A
Sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time
2
Q
Adenocarcinoma
A
Malignant tumor of the glandular tissue.
3
Q
Adenoidectomy
A
Removal of the adenoids
4
Q
Adenoma
A
Benign tumor of glandular cells
5
Q
Adenopathy
A
Disease condition of glands (lymph nodes). Often this term refers to enlargement of lymph nodes (which are not true glands, but collections of lymphatic tissue) (lymphadenopathy)
6
Q
Adrenopathy
A
Disease condition of the adrenal glands (two endocrine glands, each above a kidney. The adrenal glands produce hormones such as adrenaline and hydrocortisone)
7
Q
Amniocentesis
A
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the amnion. (Sac surrounding the developing fetus)
8
Q
Anastomosis
A
New surgical connection between two previously unconnected bowel parts, vessels, or ducts.
9
Q
Angiography
A
X-Ray recording of blood vessels after contrast is injected.
10
Q
Angioplasty
A
Surgical repair of a blood vessel. A tube (catheter) is placed in a clogged artery and a balloon at the end of the tube is inflated to inflated to flatten the clogged material against the wall of the artery. This enlarges the opening of the artery so that more blood can pass through.
11
Q
Appendectomy
A
Removal of the appendix (small sac that hangs from the juncture of the small and large intestines in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen)
12
Q
Appendicitis
A
Inflammation of the appendix
13
Q
Arteriosclerosis
A
Hardening of the arteries. The most common form is atherosclerosis, which is a hardening of the arteries caused by a collection of fatty cholesterol like deposits (plaque) in arteries.
14
Q
Arthralgia
A
Pain in a joint
15
Q
Arthrocentesis
A
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint for diagnosis or treatment
16
Q
Arthropathy
A
Disease of joints
17
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
Hardening of the arteries. The most common form is atherosclerosis, which is a hardening of the arteries caused by a collection of fatty cholesterol like deposits (plaque) in arteries.
18
Q
Axillary
A
Pertaining to the armpit or underarm
19
Q
Bacteremia
A
A bacterial invasion of the blood with or without symptoms
20
Q
Bariatric Surgery
A
A procedure used to treat extreme obesity
21
Q
Bronchitis
A
Inflammation of bronchial tubes, with hypersecretion of mucus
22
Q
Bronchoscopy
A
Visual examination of bronchial tubes by passing an endoscope through the trachea (windpipe) into the bronchi
23
Q
Bursitis
A
Inflammation of a bursa (sac of fluid near a joint)
24
Carcinoma
Cancerous tumor. Carcinomas form from epithelial cells, which line the internal organs and cover the outside of the body. Glands and the lining of internal organs are composed of epithelial tissue.
25
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the heart
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Cardiomyopathy
Disease of the heart muscle
27
Cellulitis
Inflammation of soft tissue under the skin; it is marked swelling, redness, and pain and is caused by bacterial infection
28
Cerebrovascular Accident
Disorder of blood vessels within the cerebrum. It results from inadequate blood supply to the brain. STROKE
29
Chemotherapy
Treatment with drugs. Chemotherapy is most often used in the treatment of cancer
30
Cholecystectomy
Removal of the gallbladder.
The liver is lifted up to show the gallbladder underneath. The pancreas is a long, thin gland located behind and to the left of the stomach, towards the spleen. The common bile duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine. After cholecystectomy, the liver continues to produce bile and release it, via the common bile duct, into the intestine.
31
Chondrosarcoma
Malignant tumor of cartilage. (Cartilage is flexible, fibrous connective tissue, found as part of the nose, ears, voice box, and windpipe, and chiefly attached to bones at joints)
CHONDR/O means cartilage
32
Chronic
Lasting a long time
| Chronic conditions occur over a long period of time, as opposed to acute conditions, which are sharp, and brief.
33
Colectomy
Removal of the colon (large intestine)
34
Colitis
Inflammation of the colon (large intestine)
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Colocolostomy
New surgical connection between two previously unconnected portions of the colon. This is an Anastomosis
36
Colostomy
Opening of the colon to the outside of the body
37
Craniotomy
Incision of the skull
38
Cryotherapy
Treatment using cold temperatures
39
Cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
40
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
41
Dialysis
Complete separation of wastes (urea) from the blood when the kidneys fail.
- hemodialysis
- peritoneal dialysis
42
Electroencephalogram
Record of electricity in the brain
43
Electroencephalography
Process of recording the electricity in the brain (it may be used to diagnose seizure disorders (epilepsy))
44
Encephalopathy
Disease of the brain
45
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium)
46
Epiglottitis
Inflammation of the epiglottis (flap of cartilage that covers the mouth of the trachea when swallowing occurs so that food cannot enter the airway)
47
Erythrocytosis
Abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of red blood cells
48
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus
49
Esophagitis
Inflammation of the esophagus
50
Fibroid
Benign growth of muscle tissue in the uterus
51
Fibrosarcoma
Malignant tumor of fibrous tissue
| FIBR/O means fibrous tissue
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Gangrene
A type of necrosis
53
Gastrectomy
Excision of the stomach
54
Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach
55
Gastrojejunostomy
The new connection, or anastomosis, between the stomach and the second part of the small intestine
56
Hematuria
Abnormal condition of blood in the urine.
| Bleeding into the urinary tract can cause this sign of kidney disease or of disorders of the urinary and genital tracts.
57
Hematoma
Mass or collection of blood under the skin. Commonly called a bruise.
58
Hemodialysis
Use of a kidney machine to filter blood to remove waste material such as urea. Blood leaves the body, enters the machine, and is carried back to the body through a catheter (tube)
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Hemorrhage
Bursting forth of blood
60
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver. Viral hepatitis is an acute infectious disease caused by at least three different viruses: hepatitis A, B, and C viruses
61
Hepatoma
Malignant tumor of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.
62
Hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver
63
Hepatopathy
Disease condition of the liver
64
Hysterectomy
Excision of the uterus, either through the abdominal wall (abdominal hysterectomy) or through the vagina (vaginal hysterectomy)
65
Infarction
Area of dead tissue (necrosis) caused by decreased blood flow to that part of the body. Also called infarct.
66
Inguinal
Pertaining to the groin, or the area where the legs meet the body. I guitar lymph nodes are located in the groin.
67
Ischemia
Deficiency of blood flow to apart of the body, caused by narrowing or obstructing of blood vessels. Ischemia may lead to necrosis (death of cells)
68
Laminectomy
Removal of a piece of backbone (lamina) to relieve pressure on nerves from a herniating disk (disc).
69
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdomen. A small incision is made near the navel, and an instrument (endoscope) is inserted to view abdominal organs.
70
Laparotomy
Incision of the abdomen. A surgeon makes a large incision across the abdomen to examine and operate on its organs.
71
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx
72
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the interior of the voice box (larynx) with an endoscope.
73
Leiomyoma
Benign tumor derived from smooth (involuntary or visceral) muscle, most often the uterus (leiomyoma uteri)
LEIOMY/O - means smooth muscle
74
Leiomyosarcoma
Malignant tumor of smooth (involuntary) muscle.
| Cancer of visceral (attached to internal organs) muscle (LEIOMY/O means visceral or "smooth" muscle)
75
Leukemia
Increase in malignant white blood cells in blood and bone barrow.
Increase in numbers of leukocytes
Cells are malignant
76
Leukocytosis
Slight increase in the numbers of normal white blood cells as a response to infection
77
Liposarcoma
Malignant tumor of fatty tissue
| LIP/O means fat
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Lymphadenopathy
Disease of lymph nodes (glands)
79
Lymphoma
Malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue. Previously called lymphosarcoma. There are several types, including Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
80
Mammary
Pertaining to the breast
81
Mammogram
X-Ray record of the breast
82
Mammography
Process of making an x-Ray recording of the breast
83
Mammoplasty
Surgical repair of the breast
84
Mastectomy
Removal of the breast
85
Melanoma
Malignant tumor arising from pigmented cells (melanocytes) in the skin. A melanoma usually developed from a nevus (mole)
(MELAN/O means black)
86
Meningitis
Inflammation of the menings (membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord)
87
Meninges
Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
88
Menorrhagia
Excessive bleeding from the uterus during the time of menstruation.
Excessive bleeding during menstruation.
89
Menorrhea
Normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterine lining during menstruation.
Normal menstrual flow
90
Mesothelioma
Malignant tumor of the lining tissue (mesothelium) of the pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs). A mesothelioma is associated with exposure to asbestos
91
Multiple myeloma
Malignant tumor of the bone marrow cells
92
Myalgia
Pain in the muscles
93
Myeloma
Malignant tumor originating in the bone morrow
MYEL/O means bone marrow in this term. Also called multiple myeloma, this is a malignant tumor of cells in the bone marrow.
94
Myelogram
X-Ray image of the spinal cord after contrast is injected within the membranes surrounding the spinal cord in the lumbar area of the back.
MYEL/O means spinal cord in this terms.
Contrast material is injected into the membrane around the spinal cord (by lumbar puncture) and then x-ray pictures are taken from the spinal cord. This procedure is performed less frequently now that MRI is available.
95
Myocardial
Pertaining to the muscle of the heart
96
Myocardial Infarction
Death of tissue in the heart muscle; also know as a HEART ATTACK or a MI
Blood is held back from an area of the heart muscle by an occlusion (blockage) of a coronary (heart) artery; Ischemia of heart muscle
97
Myocardiopathy
Disease condition of the heart muscle
98
Myoma
Benign tumor of muscle. Myomas commonly occur in the uterus and are known as fibroids.
99
Myomectomy
Removal of a benign muscle tumor (commonly a fibroid of the uterus)
100
Myopathy
Disease condition of the muscle
101
Myosarcoma
Malignant tumor of muscle. SARC- means flesh, indicating that the tumor is of connective or "fleshy" tissue origin
102
Myositis
Inflammation of a muscle
| MYOS/O means muscle
103
Necrosis
Death of cells
104
Nephritis
Inflammation of kidneys
105
Nephropathy
Disease condition of the kidney
106
Nephrosis
Abnormal condition of the kidney. Nephrosis is often associated with deterioration of the kidney tubules
107
Neuralgia
Nerve pain
108
Neuropathy
Disease condition of the nervous tissue
109
Oophorectomy
Removal of an ovary or ovaries
110
Osteogenic Sarcoma
Malignant tumor of bone (-genic means produced in)
| Cancer of bone
111
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
112
Osteopathy
Disease condition of the bone
113
Osteosarcoma
Malignant tumor of the bone
114
Otalgia
Pain in the ear
115
Otitis
Inflammation of an ear
116
Pelvic
Pertaining to the bones of the hip area
117
Peritoneal
Pertaining to the peritoneum
118
Peritoneal Dialysis
Process of removing wastes from the blood by introducing a special fluid into the abdomen (peritoneal cavity). The wastes pass into the fluid from the bloodstream, and then the fluid is drained from the body
119
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum
120
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the pharynx (throat)
121
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
122
Phlebotomy
Incision of a vein
123
Plaque
A yellow fatty material
124
Pneumonectomy
Removal of a lung. Total pneumonectomy (an entire lung) or lobectomy (a single lobe)
125
Pneumonia
Abnormal condition of the lungs marked by inflammation and collection of material within the air sacs of the lungs
126
Prostatectomy
Removal of the prostate gland
127
Pulmonary
Pertaining to the lungs
128
Radiology
Science of using x-Rays in the diagnosis of disease
129
Radiotherapy
Treatment of disease (Cancer) with high energy x-rays or particles such as photons and protons. Also called radiation therapy
130
Renal
Pertaining to the kidney
131
Retinopathy
Disease condition of the retina
132
Rhabdomyosarcoma
A malignant tumor of muscle cells (skeletal, voluntary muscle) that occurs most frequent in the head and neck, extremities, body wall, and area behind the abdomen.
Cancer of skeletal (attached to bones) muscle (RHABDOMY/O means skeletal muscle)
133
Rhinoplasty
Surgical repair of the nose
134
Rhinorrhea
Discharge from the nose
135
Salpingectomy
Removal of a fallopian (uterine) tube
136
Septicemia
Infection in the blood.
Septicemia is commonly called blood poisoning and is associated with the presence of bacteria of their toxins in the blood.
Blood infections result when pathogens enter the blood from a wound.
Is a more serious bacteremia that moves rapidly and may be life-threatening
137
Splenectomy
Removal of the spleen
138
Stent
A tube inserted into an artery, blood vessel, or duct to keep it open.
139
Subtotal Hysterectomy
Only a portion of the uterus is removed
140
Thoracentesis
Surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid
141
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of a vein accompanied by formation of a clot
142
Thymoma
Malignant tumor of the thymus gland (located in the mediastinum)
143
Tomosynthesis
A new mammographic technique that shows clearer and more detailed images
144
Tonsillectomy
Removal of a tonsil or tonsils.
Tonsils and adenoids are lymph tissue in the pharynx (throat). Lymph is composed of white blood cells that fight infection.
145
Total Hysterectomy
The entire uterus including the cervix is removed.
In a total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), the uterus is removed through the abdomen. A TAH-BSO is a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy and oophorectomy. Laparoscopic hysterectomy can be preformed as well
146
Tracheostomy
Opening of the trachea to the outside of the body
147
Uremia
Abnormal condition of excessive amounts of urea in the bloodstream.
Uremia occurs when the kidneys fail to function and urea (a waste material) accumulates in the blood.
148
Vascular
Pertaining to the blood vessels
149
Sarcoma
Sarcomas are cancerous tumors of connective (flesh) tissue. Muscle, bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, and fat are examples of connective tissues.
