Chapter 5 Understanding other imaging Modalities H&A

Question 1

The “hole” in the center of the CT scanner?

Answer 1

Gantry

Question 2

Tube that is placed by a neurosurgeon to relieve intracranial pressure due to increased cerebrospinal fluid (hydrocephalus)

Answer 2

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

Question 3

Radiopaque medium used in imaging; iodine and barium are examples

Answer 3

Positive contrast agent

Question 4

Quality inherent in the film type and the processing techniques that is not changeable by the operator

Answer 4

Film/detector contrast

Question 5

Affected by the absorption characteristics of the tissue being imaged and the imaging parameters

Answer 5

Subject contrast

Question 6

The feature of a radiographic image that affects the clinician’s ability to see details and detect lesions

Answer 6

Contrast

Question 7

Physically similar to x-rays, but they are generated spontaneously from the decay of radioactive isotopes

Answer 7

Gamma Rays

Question 8

Numeric scale for representing different tissue characteristics by thir x-ray density (or”electron density”)

Answer 8

Hounsfield unit

Question 9

List 4 important characteristics of x-rays

Answer 9

They have no mass, travel at the speed of light, can penetrate matter, and are invisible to the human eye and are electronically neutral

Question 10

Tissues that absorb a greater quanity of the x-rays appear “ how” on x-ray

Answer 10

White

Question 11

“Blank” Areas on an x-ray image indicate areas of lower density

Answer 11

Black

Question 12

In a normal x-ray, bones, absorb the beam “blank” and are displayed as white.

Answer 12

most

Question 13

Air absorbs the beam “blank” and is displayed as black

Answer 13

least

Question 14

The difference between adjacent densities or structures is called?

Answer 14

contrast

Question 15

Which radiograph is a good example of high contrast?

Answer 15

Chest x-ray

Question 16

Name two contrast media that are used in radiography

Answer 16

Barium and Iodine

Question 17

Ct imaging is based on “what”

Answer 17

x-ray or radiographic

Question 18

The method of CT scanning that can aquire the entire torso in one breath-hold is called?

Answer 18

spiral or helical,CT

Question 19

What do the “White” areas on a CT tell about an image

Answer 19

Contrast has been given

Question 20

Nuclear medicine differs from conventional radiography in that it uses”what” rays, which are physically similar to x-rays but are generated spontaneously from the dacay of radioactive isotopes

Answer 20

Gamma

Question 21

When radionuclide substances are administered, thay are distributed according to the patient’s physiology to certain tissues or sites called”what” via the pharmaceutical, while some is distributed diffusely to all tissues.

Answer 21

targets

Question 22

A “?” spot has reduced uptake of radionuclide, whereas a “?” spot demonstrates increased uptake or hyperfunctioning tissue.

Answer 22

cold, hot

Question 23

VCUG (placing a cath into the bladder) is used to determine?

Answer 23

Refux (when urine refuxes back up the ureter into kidney)

Question 24

VP shunt connects the ventricles of the brain to the ?

Answer 24

Abdominal cavitiy

Question 25

Does CT have the same range of grays, blacks, and whites as ultrasound?

Answer 25

Yes; true

Question 26

Does CT have the same density configuration as x-ray?

Answer 26

Yes; true

Question 27

Hot spots in nuclear medicine demonstrate decreased or increased cellular function or tracer accumulation than the surrounding tissue

Answer 27

More; increased

Question 28

Cold spots in Nuclear medicine indicate decreased or increased cellular function or tracer accumulation

Answer 28

Less; decreased

Question 29

Hot spots indicate increased or decreased uptake of the radionuclide?

Answer 29

Increased

Question 30

Pairs CT and nuclear medicine is a hybrid image

Answer 30

PET