Chapter 5: The role of organisations

Question 1

Often by working with others, citizens can help achieve what?

Answer 1

Often by working with others, citizens can help achieve the changes they wish

Question 2

5 examples of organisations where citizens working together are trying to promote change

Answer 2

5 examples of organisations where citizens working together are trying to promote change are:

1. RSPCA
2. NSPCC
3. Greenpeace
4. Amnesty International
5. Fathers4Justice

Question 3

Many pressure groups and interest groups are what?

Answer 3

Many:
1. Pressure groups
2. Interest groups
are local

Question 4

Many pressure groups and interest groups are local.

Others are what?

Answer 4

Other:
1. Pressure groups
2. Interest groups
are national

Question 5

Many pressure groups and interest groups are local.
Other pressure groups and interest groups are national.
Some are what?

Answer 5

Some:
1. Pressure groups
2. Interest groups
are international

Question 6

Not all pressure groups do what in the same way?

Answer 6

Not all pressure groups operate in the same way

Question 7

Not all pressure groups operate in the same way.

They are classified in different ways by what?

Answer 7

Pressure groups are classified in different ways by:
1. Their status
2. The nature of the issue they are concerned about
Or,
3. The methods they use

Question 8

Single-cause pressure groups

Answer 8

Single-cause pressure groups focus on a single issue

Question 9

An example of a single-cause pressure group

Answer 9

An example of a single-cause pressure group is those opposed to the (HS2) high speed train development

Question 10

Multi-cause groups

Answer 10

Multi-cause groups are groups that seek to influence:
1. Policy
2. Decisions
over a range of issues

Question 11

Multi-cause groups are groups that seek to influence policy and decisions over a range of issues, such as what?

Answer 11

Multi-cause groups are groups that seek to influence:
1. Policy
2. Decisions
over a range of issues, such as trade unions that seek to influence policy on different aspects

Question 12

Multi-cause groups are groups that seek to influence policy and decisions over a range of issues, such as trade unions that seek to influence policy on different aspects, like what?

Answer 12

Multi-cause groups are groups that seek to influence policy and decisions over a range of issues, such as trade unions that seek to influence policy on different aspects, like:

1. Pay
2. Hours of work
3. Health and safety

Question 13

An example of a multi-cause group

Answer 13

An example of a multi-cause group is the RMT

Question 14

Protective groups

Answer 14

Protective groups are groups that seek to protect the interests of their members

Question 15

An example of a protective group

Answer 15

An example of a protective group is the British Medical Association (BMA), which is the professional body that speaks on behalf of doctors

Question 16

Promotional groups

Answer 16

Promotional groups are groups that wish to promote views to:
1. Their members
2. Other interested parties
on a particular topic

Question 17

An example of a promotional group

Answer 17

An example of a promotional group is Greenpeace, who are interested in environmental issues

Question 18

Pressure groups are classified in different ways by their status, the nature of the issue they are concerned about, or the methods they use.
Groups are also classified by what?

Answer 18

Groups are also classified by their status as:
1. Insider
Or,
2. Outsider
groups

Question 19

Insider status implies that the group is what?

Answer 19

Insider status implies that the group is:
1. Able to discuss with
2. Able to meet
3. Consulted by
those it wishes to influence

Question 20

Insider status implies that the group is able to discuss with, meet and is consulted by those it wishes to influence.
Example

Answer 20

For example, if there were to be changes to rural planning regulations, the government would consult the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE)

Question 21

Insider status implies that the group is able to discuss with, meet and is consulted by those it wishes to influence.
For example, if there were to be changes to rural planning regulations, the government would consult the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE), but would be unlikely to do what?

Answer 21

For example, if there were to be changes to rural planning regulations, the government would consult the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE), but would be unlikely to involve the Countryside Alliance

Question 22

Insider status implies that the group is able to discuss with, meet and is consulted by those it wishes to influence.
For example, if there were to be changes to rural planning regulations, the government would consult the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE), but would be unlikely to involve the Countryside Alliance, which is seen as what?

Answer 22

For example, if there were to be changes to rural planning regulations, the government would consult the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE), but would be unlikely to involve the Countryside Alliance, which is seen as an outsider group in direct:
1. Talks
Or,
2. Negotiations

Question 23

Outsider status implies that the group what?

Answer 23

Outsider status implies that the group:

1. Does not have direct access to those making decisions
2. Is not consulted, or directly involved in, dicussions

Question 24

What was Fathers4Justice labelled as?

Answer 24

Fathers4Justice was labelled as an outsider group

Question 25

Why are groups with outsider status often deemed to be 'outsiders?'

Answer 25

Groups with outsider status are often deemed to be 'outsiders.' because the methods they use often involve direct action

Question 26

In recent years, membership of what has been in decline?

Answer 26

In recent years, membership of political parties has been in decline

Question 27

In recent years, membership of political parties has been in decline, whilst membership of what has been increasing?

Answer 27

In recent years, membership of political parties has been in decline, whilst membership of single-issue groups has been increasing

Question 28

Whilst there are benefits in working with others in pressure, or interest groups, there are people who say that they can have what?

Answer 28

Whilst there are benefits in working with others in: 1. Pressure Or, 2. Interest groups, there are people who say that they can have too much influence over decision-makers

Question 29

Whilst there are benefits in working with others in pressure, or interest groups, there are people who say that they can have too much influence over decision-makers, because in recent years, what?

Answer 29

Whilst there are benefits in working with others in: 1. Pressure Or, 2. Interest groups, there are people who say that they can have too much influence over decision-makers, because in recent years, membership of political parties has been in decline, whilst membership of single-issue groups has been increasing

Question 30

Pressure groups strengthen the influence of the citizen: | More people belong to what than to what?

Answer 30

More people belong to pressure groups than to political parties

Question 31

Pressure groups strengthen the influence of the citizen: | Pressure groups speak up for the public on what?

Answer 31

Pressure groups speak up for the public on issues that politicians do not discuss

Question 32

Pressure groups strengthen the influence of the citizen: | Pressure groups do what between elections?

Answer 32

Pressure groups exert pressure on issues between elections

Question 33

Pressure groups strengthen the influence of the citizen: | If pressure groups did not exist, politicians could do what?

Answer 33

If pressure groups did not exist, politicians could ignore a large number of issues

Question 34

Pressure groups strengthen the influence of the citizen: | Pressure groups can raise what with politicians?

Answer 34

Pressure groups can raise immediate issues with politicians

Question 35

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Why do pressure groups have too much influence?

Answer 35

Pressure groups have too much influence, because they are concerned about a narrow issue

Question 36

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Politicians pay too much attention to what?

Answer 36

Politicians pay too much attention to pressure groups

Question 37

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Pressure groups are themselves what?

Answer 37

Pressure groups are themselves undemocratic

Question 38

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Pressure groups are themselves undemocratic and often use what?

Answer 38

Pressure groups: 1. Are themselves undemocratic 2. Often use non-democratic methods

Question 39

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Some insider groups do what to the detriment of the whole population?

Answer 39

Some insider groups exert too much: 1. Power 2. Influence to the detriment of the whole population

Question 40

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Politicians are too what?

Answer 40

Politicians are too concerned with immediate headlines

Question 41

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Politicians are too concerned with immediate headlines and over-react to what?

Answer 41

Politicians: 1. Are too concerned with immediate headlines 2. Over-react to every protest

Question 42

What groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities?

Answer 42

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities

Question 43

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities and the current government seeks to do what as part of its Big Society policy?

Answer 43

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities and the current government seeks to encourage volunteering as part of its Big Society policy

Question 44

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities and the current government seeks to encourage volunteering as part of its Big Society policy. Many 16 year olds have taken part in the what programme, which involves an element of volunteering?

Answer 44

Many 16 year olds have taken part in the National Citizenship Service (NCS) programme, which involves an element of volunteering

Question 45

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities and the current government seeks to encourage volunteering as part of its Big Society policy. Many 16 year olds have taken part in the National Citizenship Service (NCS) programme, which involves an element of volunteering. Volunteering in this context is about what?

Answer 45

Volunteering in this context is about helping others by giving your time free of charge

Question 46

Voluntary groups are playing an increasingly important part in the life of many local communities and the current government seeks to encourage volunteering as part of its Big Society policy. Many 16 year olds have taken part in the National Citizenship Service (NCS) programme, which involves an element of volunteering. Volunteering in this context is about helping others by giving your time free of charge. This might involve what?

Answer 46

This might involve: 1. Helping at the local library Or, 2. Assisting at a local hospital

Question 47

Increasingly, the public sector looks to volunteers to what?

Answer 47

Increasingly, the public sector looks to volunteers to help provide: 1. Services 2. Support

Question 48

Pressure groups do NOT strengthen the influence of the citizen: Politicians pay too much attention to pressure groups, all of which are what?

Answer 48

Politicians pay too much attention to pressure groups, all of which are unrepresentative