Chapter 5: The opportunities and barriers - Actions to hold those in power to account Flashcards
There is a wide variety of methods citizens can use to do what?
There is a wide variety of methods citizens can use to:
1. Engage with the political process
2. Bring their views to others’ attention
Or,
3. Influence those in power
There is a wide variety of methods citizens can use to engaged with the political process, bring their views to others’ attention, or influence those in power.
These can be used by who?
These methods can be used by:
1. Individual citizens
Or,
2. Campaign groups
There is a wide variety of methods citizens can use to engaged with the political process, bring their views to others’ attention, or influence those in power.
These methods can be used by individual citizens, or by campaign groups, such as what?
These methods can be used by:
1. Individual citizens
Or,
2. Campaign groups, such as pressure groups
Pressure groups
Pressure groups are organised bodies of citizens, who:
- Share a common interest in an issue
- Promote their cause through a variety of actions
Petitions
Petitions are collections of signatures indicating support for an agreed statement
Petitions are collections of signatures indicating support for an agreed statement.
Petitions are used to show what?
Petitions are used to show the strength of support for the statement
Increasingly, petitions are now what?
Increasingly, petitions are now:
- Completed online
- Called e-petitions
Leafleting
Leafleting is distributing materials that support a particular point of view, often asking for:
1. Support
And/Or,
2. Financial help
Lobbying is a general term about making your views what?
Lobbying is a general term about making your views known to those whose opinions you wish to influence
Lobbying is a general term about making your views known to those whose opinions you wish to influence.
The specific term relates to citizens doing what?
The specific term relates to citizens approaching their MP to raise an issue
Lobbying is a general term about making your views known to those whose opinions you wish to influence.
The specific term relates to citizens approaching their MP to raise an issue.
Where is this done?
Citizens approaching their MP to raise an issue is done in the Lobby of the House of Commons
Advocacy is a form of what?
Advocacy is a form of lobbying
Advocacy is a form of lobbying, where a person, or a group does what?
Advocacy is a form of lobbying, where a: 1. Person Or, 2. Group puts forward their ideas to advocate a certain position
Advocacy is a form of lobbying, where a person, or a group puts forward their ideas to advocate a certain position.
Often, this is done what?
Often, this is done verbally
Advocacy is a form of lobbying, where a person, or a group puts forward their ideas to advocate a certain position.
Often, this is done verbally, but it can be in what?
Often, this is done verbally, but it can be in writing
Direct action can take either a what form?
Direct action can take either a: 1. Violent Or, 2. Non-violent form
Direct action can take either a violent, or a non-violent form.
Violent direct action includes what?
Violent direct action includes:
- Destroying property
- Assault
- Rioting
Direct action can take either a violent, or a non-violent form.
Non-violent direct action includes what?
Non-violent direct action includes:
- Strikes
- Occupation of buildings
- Sit-ins
The term ‘civil disobedience’ relates to what?
The term ‘civil disobedience’ relates to direct action
The term ‘civil disobedience’ relates to direct action.
This normally involves citizens what?
This normally involves citizens disobeying: 1. Rules Or, 2. Laws with which they disagree
Boycotts
Boycotts is deciding not to purchase: 1. Goods Or, 2. Services ,because of a particular cause
Demonstrations
Demonstrations can take many forms
Demonstrations can take many forms, from what to what?
Demonstrations can take many forms, from: 1. Small groups to 2. Mass marches 3. Rallies
Media promotion
Media promotion is staging:
- Events
- Protests
Media promotion is staging events and protests, to do what?
Media promotion is staging events and protests, to attract:
- Media attention
- Publicity
By attracting celebrities, causes are often able to do what?
By attracting celebrities, causes are often able to:
- Gain media coverage
- Boost the number of their supporters
What format of campaigning has become increasingly important?
The e-media format of campaigning has become increasingly important
The e-media format of campaigning has become increasingly important.
E-media enables groups to do what?
E-media enables groups to:
- Contact their supporters quickly
- Give them the latest information
- Correct any media stories
- Quickly contact the traditional media (newspapers and television)
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national, or international issues through what?
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national, or international issues through: 1. Membership of Or, 2. Support for a group, or cause
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national or international issues through membership of, or support for, a group or cause.
These can be what?
These can be: 1. Pressure groups 2. Interest groups 3. Voluntary groups Or, 4. Trade unions
Trade unions
Trade unions are an employment-based group of employees who seek to represent workers in regard to the conditions of employment
Trade unions are an employment-based group of employees who seek to represent workers in regard to the conditions of employment, for example what?
Trade unions are an employment-based group of employees who seek to represent workers in regard to the conditions of employment, for example wages
An example of a trade union
An example of a trade union is the RMT, who represent those working on London Underground
The RMT
The RMT is the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national or international issues through membership of, or support for, a group or cause.
These can be pressure groups, interest groups, voluntary groups, or trade unions.
Many of these groups also have what?
Many of these groups also have charitable status
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national or international issues through membership of, or support for, a group or cause.
These can be pressure groups, interest groups, voluntary groups, or trade unions.
Many of these groups also have charitable status.
By acting with others, the message of any campaign can be what?
By acting with others, the message of any campaign can be:
- Stronger
- More effective
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national or international issues through membership of, or support for, a group or cause.
These can be pressure groups, interest groups, voluntary groups, or trade unions.
Many of these groups also have charitable status.
By acting with others, the message of any campaign can be stronger and more effective.
But as a supporter, or member, you may not have what over how the campaign is run?
As a supporter, or member, you may not have: 1. So much say Or, 2. Control over how the campaign is run
Many people now get involved in their local communities and with national or international issues through membership of, or support for, a group or cause.
These can be pressure groups, interest groups, voluntary groups, or trade unions.
What can be another way of campaigning on issues that concern you?
Joining a political party can be another way of campaigning on issues that concern you
Examples of pressure groups
Examples of pressure groups are the:
1. RSBP
Or,
2. RSPCA
A pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific what around animal and bird welfare?
A pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific campaigning issues around:
1. Animal
2. Bird
welfare
Whereas a pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific campaigning issues around animal and bird welfare, political parties have to have what?
Whereas a pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific campaigning issues around:
1. Animal
2. Bird
welfare, political parties have to have a position on every aspect of public life
Whereas a pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific campaigning issues around animal and bird welfare, political parties have to have a position on every aspect of public life, including what?
Whereas a pressure group, such as the RSBP, or the RSPCA, may have specific campaigning issues around animal and bird welfare, political parties have to have a position on every aspect of public life, including:
- Defence
- The economy
- Welfare issues, including animal welfare
- Levels of taxation
Joining a political party allows a citizen to be supported if they wish to do what, provided that their party wishes to support them?
Joining a political party allows a citizen to be supported if they wish to stand for election to a public office, provided that their party wishes to support them
Joining a political party allows a citizen to be supported if they wish to stand for election to a public office, provided that their party wishes to support them.
They could stand for election as what?
They could stand for election as: 1. A councillor 2. A Police and Crime Commissioner 3. An MP Or, 4. An MEP
Police and Crime Commissioners
- Police
- Crime
Commissioners are directly elected officials, who are responsible for the running of each regional police force outside London
In the 2015 General Election, Mhairi Black of the SNP was elected what?
In the 2015 General Election, Mhairi Black of the SNP was elected to the UK Parliament
In the 2015 General Election, Mhairi Black of the SNP was elected to the UK Parliament.
She was what?
Mhairi Black was:
- 20 years old
- Still a university student
The youngest MP since the 17th century
The youngest MP since the 17th century is Mhairi Black