Chapter 5 - The Periodic Table

Question 1

Group 1

Answer 1

The alkali metals, reactivity increases going down the group. Soft, easy to cut through, density increases going down group and melting point decreases. React very vigorously with water to produce hydroxide and hydrogen.

Question 2

Why does the reactivity of alkali metals increase going down the group?

Answer 2

The atoms have more shells which shield the outer electron from the pull of the nucleus.

Question 3

Group 7

Answer 3

The halogens, all diatomic. Reactivity decreases going down the group. Poor conductors of heat and electricity with low melting and boiling points. Non metals, most reactive is fluorine as it has more shields separating the electrons from the nucleus, harder to gain the extra electron.

Question 4

Group 0

Answer 4

The noble gases, monatomic, colourless and unreactive.

Question 5

Fluorine

Answer 5

Pale yellow gas

Question 6

Chlorine

Answer 6

Green gas

Question 7

Bromine

Answer 7

Orange liquid

Question 8

Iodine

Answer 8

Grey solid

Question 9

Element numbers

Answer 9

Top number is relative atomic mass, bottom number is atomic (proton) number.

Question 10

Transition metals

Answer 10

Good conductors, react slowly, high melting and boiling points, strong and dense, form positive ions, brightly coloured compounds, malleable (doesn’t break) and ductile (can be stretched into a wire).