Chapter 10 - Other Products From Oil

Question 1

Alkenes

Answer 1

Unsaturated hydrocarbons, nee instead of ane, CnH2n. Double bond between carbon atoms so more reactive, turn bromine water colourless.
ethene + steam ➡️ ethanol
(Reversible)

Question 2

Polymerisation

Answer 2

Many monomers joining together to make a polymer.

Question 3

Thermosoftening polymer

Answer 3

Becomes soft when heated and hard when cooled, eg polyethene. Tangled web of polymer chains easy to separate.

Question 4

Thermosetting polymer

Answer 4

Do not melt or soften when heated, strong covalent bonds form cross links between chains.

Question 5

Shape-memory polymers

Answer 5

Change back to original shape when temp is changed. Eg material for stitching wounds that changed shape when heated to body temp.

Question 6

Biodegradable

Answer 6

Most polymers are not, mix cornstarch with plastic so microorganisms break down cornstarch and plastic breaks into small pieces to mix with soil. Otherwise recycled.

Question 7

Cracking

Answer 7

Heating mixture of hydrocarbon vapours and steam to high temp or passing hydrocarbon vapours over hot catalyst ➡️ breaks down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones.