Chapter 5 Test

Question 1

Genes are sections of

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

A cell that has two of each kind of chromosome is

Answer 2

diploid

Question 3

In which type of reproduction does the offspring receive genes from both parents

Answer 3

sexual

Question 4

Before a cell divides, it makes a copy of its genes during

Answer 4

interphase

Question 5

The new cell that forms from the union of two gametes is called a

Answer 5

zygote

Question 6

Phases of mitosis

Answer 6

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Question 7

This is what happens during mitosis

Answer 7

the cell divides its chromosomes

Question 8

When all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached, the structures that are formed are called

Answer 8

sister chromatids

Question 9

Stages of normal cell division include

Answer 9

mitosis, interphase, cytokinesis

Question 10

The number of chromosomes that are in human sperm (haploid cell)

Answer 10

23

Question 11

This carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Answer 11

messenger RNA

Question 12

This characteristic of spores allows them to survive in unfavorable conditions

Answer 12

they are surrounded by a protective covering

Question 13

A nucleotide contains

Answer 13

sugar, phosphate, base

Question 14

The method of sexual reproduction

Answer 14

fertilization

Question 15

The bases in a DNA molecule include

Answer 15

adenine, guanine, cytosine

Question 16

The scientists who came up with a model for the structure of DNA include

Answer 16

Francis Crick and James Watson

Question 17

In a DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with this

Answer 17

thymine

Question 18

______________ is the division of a cell’s cytoplasm, forming two new cells

Answer 18

Cytokinesis

Question 19

This type of reproduction results in offspring that is identical to the parent

Answer 19

Asexual

Question 20

If a mouse has 40 chromosomes in a normal diploid cell, there would be 40 chromosomes in the cell after mitosis and _____ chromosomes in the cell after meiosis

Answer 20

20

Question 21

In an RNA molecule, cytosine always pairs with this

Answer 21

guanine

Question 22

the phase in which the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes coil

Answer 22

prophase

Question 23

the phase in which two identical nuclei form

Answer 23

telophase

Question 24

the phase in which the sister chromatids are lined up at the center of the spindle

Answer 24

metaphase

Question 25

having two of each kind of chromosome

Answer 25

diploid

Question 26

combining an egg and a sperm

Answer 26

fertilization

Question 27

the organelles on which protein synthesis occurs

Answer 27

ribosomes

Question 28

the process of forming two DNA molecules from one

Answer 28

replication

Question 29

the process of dividing a cell’s cytoplasm and organelles

Answer 29

cytokinesis

Question 30

the process of forming mRNA from DNA

Answer 30

transcription

Question 31

the process of forming gametes

Answer 31

meiosis

Question 32

the process of manufacturing proteins inside a cell

Answer 32

protein synthesis

Question 33

the process of regrowing missing body parts

Answer 33

regeneration

Question 34

stage when genes duplicate before cell division

Answer 34

interphase

Question 35

the division of genetic material

Answer 35

mitosis

Question 36

provide the instructions for making proteins

Answer 36

gene

Question 37

a group of three nucleotides

Answer 37

codon

Question 38

having one of each kind of chromosome

Answer 38

haploid

Question 39

stage that provides cytoplasm and organelles to each daughter cell

Answer 39

cytokinesis

Question 40

a form of asexual reproduction

Answer 40

budding