Chapter 5 skeletal system

Question 0

What are the bone cell types?

Answer 0

• osteogenic : stem cells in the periosteum
• osteoblasts : makes the bone matrix (hard bone) on bone surfaces
• osteocytes : not mitotic, trapped in the lacunae, do daily maintenance of the bone
• osteoclasts : breaks up the bone matrix

Question 1

What is the function of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

Protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production, fat storage

Question 2

What are the 2 kinds of bones?

Answer 2

1. Dense/compact bone

2. Spongy bone

Question 3

What are the 2 bone ossification processes?

Answer 3

1. Intramembranous ossification

2. Endochondrial ossification

Question 4

What is the Intramembranous ossification?

Answer 4

• starts in the fibrous membrane

- forms flat bones

Question 5

What are the 5 hormones in bones?

Answer 5

1. Parathyroid hormone - increases osteoclasts and osteoblasts activity
2. Calcitonin - important in children and pregnant, inhibits osteoclasts
3. Thyroxin - bone growth and metabolism
4. Human growth hormone - bone growth
5. Sex hormones - stimulates osteoblasts

Question 6

What are the types of bones?

Answer 6

• long
• short (ex carpols)
• flat (smooth)
• irregular (things stick out)
• sesmoid (grows inside tendon)
• sutural ( where sutures come together)