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Biology Lecture 1 test > Chapter 2 and 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 and 3 Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the functions of epithelium?

A

Protection, entry and exit, sensation, secretion

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1
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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2
Q

What are the cell shapes?

A
  • cuboidal : cube shaped
  • columnar : tall, rectangles
  • squamous : flat, scale like
  • transitional : can stretch, variety of shapes
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6
Q

What are the epithelial cell layer arrangements?

A
  • simple : single layer
  • stratified : multiple layers
  • pseudostratified : single layer but looks like multiple layers
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8
Q

Function and location of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Function- diffusion, osmosis, secretion, reduces friction

Location- air sacs in lungs, kidney, lines heart and blood vessels

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9
Q

What are the special names for simple squamous epithelium?

A
  • endothelium : line circulatory system

- mesothelium : serous membrane

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10
Q

What is the function and location of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Function - secretion and absorption

Location - surface of ovaries, kidneys, and some glands

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11
Q

What is the function and location of simple columnar epithelium?

A

2 kinds
1- ciliated, function - movement, locations - uterine tubes, para nasal sinuses

2- unciliated, function - produce mucus, location - digestive tract

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12
Q

What is the function and location of Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Function - secretion and movement

Location - respiratory tract

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13
Q

Function and location of Stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Function - protection

Location - 2 kinds

  • keratinized (waterproof) : outer layer of skin
  • non keratinized : mouth, vagina, esophagus, pharynx
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14
Q

Function and location of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Function - protection

Locations - ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands

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15
Q

Function and location of stratified columnar epithelium?

A

Function - protection and secretion

Location - male urethra, some ducts of glands

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16
Q

Function and location of transitional epithelium ?

A

Function - change shape

Location - bladder, urethra, ureter

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17
Q

Epithelial membrane =

A

Epithelial layer + connective tissue underneath

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18
Q

What are the functions of connective tissue? (CT)

A
  • structure of body
  • protection
  • support and connection between tissues
  • energy storage
  • defense
  • transport
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19
Q

What are the classifications of CT?

A
  1. Connective tissue proper - cells and fibers
  2. Fluid connective tissue - watery matrix, blood and lymph
  3. Supporting CT - bone and cartilage
20
Q

CT proper - types of fixed cells?

A

Fibroblast, fibrocytes, fixed microphages, adiphocytes, melanocytes, mesebchymal cells

21
Q

CT proper - types of wandering cells?

A
  • free macrophages
  • mast cells
  • lymphocytes
  • microphages
22
Q

Types of CT proper?

A

Embryonic, loose or areolar, reticular, dense regular, dense irregular

23
Q

Facts about loose or areolar CT

A 
Most abundant in body
From subcutaneous layer
Supports and binds
Defense against infection
Holds water
24
Q

Facts about adipose CT

A 
Contain fats
All over body
White fat-in adults 
Brown fat-in infants
Provides energy, protection, and energy
25
Q

Facts about reticular CT

A

Supports organs
Binds tissues
Contains macrophages

26
Q

Facts about dense regular CT

A

Fibers run parallel to each other
Doesn’t stretch in one direction
In tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses

27
Q

Facts about sense irregular CT

A

arranged randomly and in sheets
Can stretch in multiple directions
Found around organs and joint cavities

28
Q

What are the 3 ways cells secret?

A
  1. Holocrine - cell self destructs (oil)
  2. Merocrine - expcytosis (goblet cell)
  3. Apocrine - pinches of (mammary gland)
29
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

30
Q

Function and location of exocrine glands?

A

Function - produce secretions

Location - sweat, oil, mammary

31
Q

Function and location of endocrine glands?

A

Function - produce hormones

Locations - pituitary glands, thyroid glands, ovaries, testes

32
Q

What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?

A
  1. Mucous membrane - lines body cavities that are open to the outside, layer of smooth muscle, thin epithelium secretes mucus
  2. Serous membrane - lines body cavities that don’t open to outside, 2 layers : parietal, visceral. Produces serous fluid
  3. Cutaneous membrane - skin
33
Q

Hyaline cartilage facts

A

Function - flexibility and motion in joints

Location - end of ribs, end of long bones

34
Q

Elastic cartilage facts

A

Function - flexibility, support, shape

Location - pinna of ear, auditory tubes

35
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Function - support and fusion

Location - discs knee, syntheses of pubis

36
Q

Fluid connective tissue facts

A

Blood and lymph

Blood= cells + plasma

37
Q

What are the 3 kinda of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal - striated, voluntary, attached to bone, more than one nucleus
  2. Cardiac - striated, involuntary, branched
  3. Smooth - non striated, involuntary, found in hollow organs
38
Q

Facts about nervous tissue

A

Regulate body activity
Neurons - don’t divide, info carriers
Neuroglia - can divide, support, protect neurons

Biology Lecture 1 test (7 decks)

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