Chapter 2 and 3

Question 0

What are the functions of epithelium?

Answer 0

Protection, entry and exit, sensation, secretion

Question 1

What are the 4 types of tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 2

What are the cell shapes?

Answer 2

• cuboidal : cube shaped
• columnar : tall, rectangles
• squamous : flat, scale like
• transitional : can stretch, variety of shapes

Question 6

What are the epithelial cell layer arrangements?

Answer 6

• simple : single layer
• stratified : multiple layers
• pseudostratified : single layer but looks like multiple layers

Question 8

Function and location of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 8

Function- diffusion, osmosis, secretion, reduces friction

Location- air sacs in lungs, kidney, lines heart and blood vessels

Question 9

What are the special names for simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 9

• endothelium : line circulatory system

- mesothelium : serous membrane

Question 10

What is the function and location of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 10

Function - secretion and absorption

Location - surface of ovaries, kidneys, and some glands

Question 11

What is the function and location of simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 11

2 kinds
1- ciliated, function - movement, locations - uterine tubes, para nasal sinuses

2- unciliated, function - produce mucus, location - digestive tract

Question 12

What is the function and location of Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 12

Function - secretion and movement

Location - respiratory tract

Question 13

Function and location of Stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 13

Function - protection

Location - 2 kinds

• keratinized (waterproof) : outer layer of skin
• non keratinized : mouth, vagina, esophagus, pharynx

Question 14

Function and location of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 14

Function - protection

Locations - ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands

Question 15

Function and location of stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 15

Function - protection and secretion

Location - male urethra, some ducts of glands

Question 16

Function and location of transitional epithelium ?

Answer 16

Function - change shape

Location - bladder, urethra, ureter

Question 17

Epithelial membrane =

Answer 17

Epithelial layer + connective tissue underneath

Question 18

What are the functions of connective tissue? (CT)

Answer 18

• structure of body
• protection
• support and connection between tissues
• energy storage
• defense
• transport

Question 19

What are the classifications of CT?

Answer 19

1. Connective tissue proper - cells and fibers
2. Fluid connective tissue - watery matrix, blood and lymph
3. Supporting CT - bone and cartilage

Question 20

CT proper - types of fixed cells?

Answer 20

Fibroblast, fibrocytes, fixed microphages, adiphocytes, melanocytes, mesebchymal cells

Question 21

CT proper - types of wandering cells?

Answer 21

• free macrophages
• mast cells
• lymphocytes
• microphages

Question 22

Types of CT proper?

Answer 22

Embryonic, loose or areolar, reticular, dense regular, dense irregular

Question 23

Facts about loose or areolar CT

Answer 23

Most abundant in body
From subcutaneous layer
Supports and binds
Defense against infection
Holds water

Question 24

Facts about adipose CT

Answer 24

Contain fats
All over body
White fat-in adults 
Brown fat-in infants
Provides energy, protection, and energy

Question 25

Facts about reticular CT

Answer 25

Supports organs
Binds tissues
Contains macrophages

Question 26

Facts about dense regular CT

Answer 26

Fibers run parallel to each other
Doesn’t stretch in one direction
In tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses

Question 27

Facts about sense irregular CT

Answer 27

arranged randomly and in sheets
Can stretch in multiple directions
Found around organs and joint cavities

Question 28

What are the 3 ways cells secret?

Answer 28

1. Holocrine - cell self destructs (oil) 2. Merocrine - expcytosis (goblet cell) 3. Apocrine - pinches of (mammary gland)

Question 29

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 29

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Question 30

Function and location of exocrine glands?

Answer 30

Function - produce secretions Location - sweat, oil, mammary

Question 31

Function and location of endocrine glands?

Answer 31

Function - produce hormones Locations - pituitary glands, thyroid glands, ovaries, testes

Question 32

What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?

Answer 32

1. Mucous membrane - lines body cavities that are open to the outside, layer of smooth muscle, thin epithelium secretes mucus 2. Serous membrane - lines body cavities that don't open to outside, 2 layers : parietal, visceral. Produces serous fluid 3. Cutaneous membrane - skin

Question 33

Hyaline cartilage facts

Answer 33

Function - flexibility and motion in joints Location - end of ribs, end of long bones

Question 34

Elastic cartilage facts

Answer 34

Function - flexibility, support, shape Location - pinna of ear, auditory tubes

Question 35

Fibrocartilage

Answer 35

Function - support and fusion Location - discs knee, syntheses of pubis

Question 36

Fluid connective tissue facts

Answer 36

Blood and lymph Blood= cells + plasma

Question 37

What are the 3 kinda of muscle tissue?

Answer 37

1. Skeletal - striated, voluntary, attached to bone, more than one nucleus 2. Cardiac - striated, involuntary, branched 3. Smooth - non striated, involuntary, found in hollow organs

Question 38

Facts about nervous tissue

Answer 38

Regulate body activity Neurons - don't divide, info carriers Neuroglia - can divide, support, protect neurons