Chapter 5 Part 2

Question 1

For fossilization to occur, bones should meet the following taphonomic requirements?

Answer 1

The bones must remain in an anoxic environment

Question 2

You most likely experience early development in utero as a fetus and were nourished by your mothers placenta. You also have the capacity to maintain a constant internal body temperature due to metabolic activity. This means that ….?

Answer 2

We are endothermic

Placental mammal

Question 3

What about humans is mite specialized rather than generalized?

Answer 3

Our feet

Question 4

Speciation can occur as a result of all of the following except

Answer 4

Lack of differences in habitats

Question 5

Assigning fossil remains to a particular primate species ?

Answer 5

Requires making comparisons to well-known living species of primates

Question 6

Taxonomic classification?

Answer 6

Reflects evolutionary relationships

Question 7

Long term continental drift had significant evolutionary ramifications because ?

Answer 7

Groups of animals were isolated from each other by oceans

Question 8

The diversification of the mammals occurred mostly during the ?

Answer 8

Cenozoic

Question 9

Adaptive radiation

Answer 9

The rapid expansion and diversification of groups of organisms into newly available ecological niches

Question 10

Ancestral (primitive )

Answer 10

Structural similarities shared by a wide array of distantly related species that are inherited from a remote ancestor

such as the number of bones in the forelimb

Question 11

How to reconstruct ancient environments

Answer 11

Using models derived from the study of living animals

Look at bones of extinct animals and determine how they functioned during life and in what kinds of habitats they functioned

Studying the impacts of temperature on biology and geologic chemistry

Foraminifera- ocean dwelling

Chemistry of ancient souls

Question 12

Biostratigraphy

Answer 12

Draws on the first appearance of an organism in the fossil record, that organisms evolutionary development over time, and the organisms extinction

Question 13

Radio carbon dating

Answer 13

The method in which the ratio of 14C to 12C is measured to provide and absolute date for a material younger than 75,000 years

Question 14

Fossilization

Answer 14

Preservation of structures built by organisms, skeletal structures, petrification, preservation of organic carbon, trapping of organisms, and burial of oxygen poor environments

Question 15

When the hominin lineage diverge from the chimp lineage

Answer 15

6 million years ago

8-6

Question 16

Raymond Dart

Taung child?

Answer 16

Dart discovered a preserved child’s skull which was indeed a member of the hominin family tree

Australopithecus africanus

Made people acknowledge Africa’s central place in human evolution and as the place of origin of hominins

Question 17

Piltdown man

Answer 17

A hoax in which bone fragments were presented as the fossilized remains of the missing link between apes and humans

Question 18

Kraprina, Croatia

Answer 18

where the Neanderthal record begins in Eastern Europe

130,000-30,000 ya

Question 19

Shanidar

Answer 19

Well preserved skeletons of Neanderthals in southwestern Asia

Individual with injuries who still lived to old age

70-60, 000 ya

Question 20

La chapelle aux Saint site

Answer 20

Neanderthal site

Fetal burials