Chapter 5: Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous system 3 functions

Answer 1

Sensory
Integration
Motor output

Question 2

Sensory input

Answer 2

Gathering information from receptors

Question 3

Integration

Answer 3

Processing of info and decision making

Question 4

Motor output

Answer 4

Signal to cause a response

Question 5

Central nervous system

Answer 5

The brain and spinal cord, the integration centers

Question 6

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 6

Outside the CNS, cranial nerves and spinal nerves

2 divisions: sensory and motor

Question 7

Sensory division

Answer 7

Conveys info to the CNS from muscles and skin and organs

Question 8

Motor division & parts

Answer 8

Conveys impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

Question 9

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 9

Part of motor division
motor neurons controlling smooth and cardiac muscles and glands ( involuntary )
-sympathetic: fight or flight
-parasympathetic: rest or digest

Question 10

Cells of nervous tissue

Answer 10

1. Neurons: excitable cels that carry nerve impulses

2. Neuroglia: the supporting cells

Question 11

Neuroglia of the CNS

Answer 11

1. Astrocytes
2. microglia
3. Ependymal cells
4. Oligodendrocytes

Question 12

Astrocytes

Answer 12

Attach neurons to capillaries and regulate the chemical environment

Question 13

Microglia

Answer 13

Act as phagocytes

Question 14

Ependymal

Answer 14

Line fluid filled spaces of CNS and circulate fluids via cilia

Question 15

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 15

Form the myelin sheath insulations if CNS neurons

Question 16

Neuroglia of the PSN

Answer 16

Satellite cells: surround neuron cell bodies, function unknown
Schwann cells: form the myelin sheath insulation’s of PNS neurons

Question 17

Neuron

Answer 17

The functional units of nervous tissue, having the ability to conduct impulses

Question 18

Neuron characteristics

Answer 18

Longetivity
Amitotic
High metabolic rate

Question 19

Parts of a neuron

Answer 19

Soma 
Dendrites 
Axon 
Terminal branches 
Axon terminal
Nucleus 
Ganglion
Tract
Nerve

Question 20

Soma function

Answer 20

Contains cytoplasm, nucleus, and organelles

Question 21

Dendrites

Answer 21

Many

short processes that rely input toward the soma

Question 22

Terminal branches

Answer 22

Divisions at end of axon

Question 23

Axon terminal

Answer 23

Bulbous ends of axons containing neurotransmitters

Question 24

Nucleus

Answer 24

A cluster of neuron cell bodies in the CNS

Question 25

Ganglion

Answer 25

A cluster of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

Question 26

Tract

Answer 26

A cluster of axons in the CNS

Question 27

Nerve

Answer 27

A cluster of axons in the PNS

Question 28

Myelin sheath

Answer 28

White fatty wrapping of nerve fibers
Insulate the fiber
Formed by Schwann cells

Question 29

Multipolar neurons

Answer 29

Most common type, many dendrites and one axon

Question 30

Bipolar neurons

Answer 30

Very rare, one dendrite and one axon

Question 31

Unipolar neurons

Answer 31

Only one process (an axon) with receptive and secretory ends

Question 32

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Answer 32

Relay impulses to the CNS

Question 33

Motor (efferent) neurons

Answer 33

Relay impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

Question 34

Interneurons

Answer 34

Found between sensory and motor, located within the CNS