Chapter 5 Key Terms Flashcards
a belief that the government has any power not forbidden by the constitution.
Loose Construction
a belief that the government is limited to powers clearly stated in the constitution.
Strict Construction
a 1794 uprising in western Pennsylvania that opposed the federal excise tax on whiskey
Whiskey Rebellion
a 1794 battle in which federal troops defeated the Miami Confederacy of American Indians
Battle of Fallen Timber
a diplomatic controversy in 1798 in which French officials demanded bribes of American negotiators.
XYZ Affair
state resolutions passed in 1798 declaring the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional.
Virginia & Kentucky resolution
an official ban or restriction on trade.
Embargo
the 1803 Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review
Marbury vs. Madison
a war between the Barbary States and the United States
Barbary War
the 1803 purchase from France by the United States of the territory between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains.
Louisiana Purchase
war of 1812 battle when the United States defeated the British in January of 1815
Battle of New Orleans
an 1894 agreement that ended the War of 1812
Treaty of Ghent
Members of Congress who pushed for war against Great Britain in the years leading up to the War of 1812.
War Hawks
an 1814 meeting of Federalists from New England who opposed the War of 1812 and demanded constitutional amendments to empower the region.
Hartford Convention
a canal completed in 1825 that connected Lake Erie to the Hudson River
Erie Canal
a road that requires users to pay a toll
Turnpikes
a road by the federal government in the early 1800s that extended from Maryland to Illinois
National Roads
a machine invented in 1793 to separate the cotton fiber from its hard shell
Cotton gin
a person who favors native-born inhabitants over immigrants
Nativists
a protective tariff established by Congress to encourage Americans to buy goods made in the United States.
Tariff of 1816
Loyalty and devotion to one’s nation.
Nationalism
a foreign policy doctrine set forth by President Monroe in 1823 that discouraged European intervention in the Western Hemisphere.
Monroe Doctrine
an 1820 agreement calling for the admission of Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and banning slavery in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36℉ 30℉ N latitude
Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay’s federal program designed to stimulate the economy with internal improvements and to create a self-sufficient nation.
American System
a forced march of the Cherokee Indians to move west of the Mississippi in the 1830s
Trail of Tears
an act passed by Congress in 1830 that allowed the federal government to negotiate land exchanges with the American Indian in the Southeast.
Indian Removal Act
Members of the nationalist political party formed in 1832 in opposition to the democrats
Whigs
A closed meeting of party members for the purpose of choosing a candidate.
Caucus
the Practice of the political party in power giving jobs and appointments to its supporters, rather than to people based on their qualifications.
Spoils System
a theory that states that states could nullify, or void, any federal law they deemed unconstitutional.
Nullification
Andrew Jackson and his followers’ philosophy concerned with the interests of the common people and limiting the role of the federal government
Jacksonian Democracy
