Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOSCI > Chapter 5: Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Means covering

A

Integument

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Major functions of of the integumentary system

A
  1. Protection
  2. Sensation
  3. Vitamin D production
  4. Temperature regulation
  5. Excretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Skin provides protection against abrasion and ultraviolet light (function)

A

Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prevents microorganisms from entering the body and reduces water loss, thus preventing dehydration (function)

A

Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The integumentary system has sensory receptors that can detect heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain (function)

A

Sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When exposed to ultraviolet light, skin produces s molecule that can be transformed into vitamin D (function)

A

Vitamin D production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Important regulator of calcium homeostasis

A

Vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The amount of blood flow beneath the skin’s surface and the activity of sweat glands in the skin both help regulate body temperature. (Function)

A

Temperature regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Small amounts of waste products are lost through the skin and in gland secretions (function)

A

Excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Two major tissue layers of the skin

A

Epidermis

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most superficial layer of skin

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Layer of epithelial tissue that rests on the dermis

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Layer of dense connective tissue

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prevents water loss and resists abrasion

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Responsible for most of the skin’ s structural strength

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Layer of connective tissue

A

Subcutaneous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Not part of the skin, but it does not connect the skin to underlying muscle or baste

A

Subcutaneous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In its deepest layers, new cells are produced by mitosis

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

As new cells form, they push older cells to the surface

A

Slough or flake off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cells change shape and chemical composition

A

Keratinization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Protein that makes the epidermis hard

A

Keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Distinct layers

A

Strata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Deepest stratum

A

Stratum basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Consists of cuboidal or columnar cells that undergo mitotic divisions about every 19 days

A

Stratum basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Most superficial stratum of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Consists of dead squamous cells filled with keratin

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Gives the stratum corneum it’s structural strength

A

Keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Excessive sloughing of stratum corneum cells from the surface of the scalp

A

Dandruff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Skin subjected to friction, producing a thickened area

A

Callus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Stratum corneum can thicken to form a cone-shaped structure called

A

Corn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Composed of dense collagenous connective tissue containing fibroblasts, adipocytes and macrophages

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Responsible for the structural strength of the dermis

A

Collagen and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Part of an animal hide from which leather is made

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Oriented in many different directions and can resist stretch

A

Collagen fibers of the dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Most resistant to stretch along those lines

A

Cleavage lines, or tension lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Develop when a person increases in size quite rapidly

A

Stretch marks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Upper part of the dermis has projections which extends toward the epidermis

A

Dermal papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Contain many blood vessels that supply the overlying epidermis with nutrients, move waste products, and help regulate body temperature

A

Dermis papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Factors that determine skin color

A

Pigments in the skin
Blood circulating through the skin
Thickness of the stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Group of pigments primarily responsible for skin, hair, and eye color

A

Melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Provide protection against ultraviolet light from the sun

A

Melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Melanin is produced

A

Melanocytes

44
Q

Irregularly shaped cells with many long processes that extend between the epithelial cells of the deep part of the epidermis

A

Melanocytes

45
Q

Golgi apparatuses of the melanocytes package melanin into vesicles called

A

Melanosomes

46
Q

Recessive genetic trait that causes w deficiency or an absence of melanin

A

Albinism

47
Q

Have fair skin, white hair, and u pigmented irises in the eyes

A

Albinism

48
Q

Cause an increase in melanin production during pregnancy in the mother, darkening the nipples, the pigmented circular areas around the nipples, and the genitalia even more

A

Estrogen and melanocyte stimulating hormone

49
Q

Decrease in the blood O2 content produces bluish color of the skin

A

Cyanosis

50
Q

Yellow pigment found in plants such as squash and carrots

A

Carotene

51
Q

Lipid -soluble; when consumed, it accumulates in the lipids of the stratum corneum and in the adipocytes of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue

A

Carotene

52
Q

Attaches it to underlying bone and muscle and it supplies it with blood vessels and nerves

A

Subcutaneous tissue

53
Q

Not part of the skin, sometimes called hypodermis

A

Subcutaneous tissue

54
Q

Loose connective tissue, including adipose tissue that contains about half the body’s stored lipids

A

Subcutaneous tissue

55
Q

Found everywhere on the skin, except on palms, the soles, the lips, the nipples, parts of the genitalia, and distal segments of the fingers and toes

A

Hair

56
Q

Each hair arises from

A

Hair follicle

57
Q

Extension of the epidermis that originates deep in the dermis

A

Hair follicle

58
Q

Of Hair protrudes above the surface of the skin

A

Shaft

59
Q

Below the surface of the skin

A

Root and hair bulb

60
Q

A hair has hard _ which surrounds a softer center

A

Cortex

61
Q

Softer center

A

Medulla

62
Q

Covers the cortex

A

Cuticle

63
Q

Single layer of overlapping cells that holds the hair in the hair follicle

A

Cuticle

64
Q

Play an important roles in repair of the skin

A

Hair follicle

65
Q

Grow for about 30 days and rest for 105 Days

A

Eyelashes

66
Q

Grow for 3 years and rest for 1-2 years

A

Scalp hairs

67
Q

Associated with each hair follicle are smooth muscle cells

A

Arrector pili

68
Q

Causes the hair to become more perpendicular to the skin’s surface

A

Contraction of the arrector pili

69
Q

Major glands of the skin

A

Sebaceous glands

Sweat glands

70
Q

Simple, branched acinar glands

A

Sebaceous glands

71
Q

Oily, white substance rich in lipids

A

Sebum

72
Q

Released by holocrine secretion and lubricstes the hair and the surface of the skin, which prevents drying and protects against some bacteria

A

Sebum

73
Q

Two kinds of sweat glands

A

Eccrine sweat glands

Apocrine sweat glands

74
Q

Simple, coiled, tubular glands and release sweat by merocrine secretion

A

Eccrine glands

75
Q

Located in almost every part of the skin but most numerous in the palms and soles

A

Eccrine glands

76
Q

Produce a secretion that is mostly water with few salts

A

Eccrine glands

77
Q

Have ducts that open onto the surface of the skin through sweat pores

A

Eccrine glands

78
Q

Simple, coiled, tubular glands that produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances

A

Apocrine glands

79
Q

Thin, pale, consisting of layers of dead stratum cornermen cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

A

Nail

80
Q

Part of the nail covered by skin

A

Nail root

81
Q

Stratum corneum that extends onto the nail body

A

Cuticle or eponychium

82
Q

Nail root extends distantly from the

A

Nail matrix

83
Q

Located distal to the nail matrix

A

Nail bed

84
Q

Can be seen through the nail body as a whitish, crescent shaped area at the base of the nail

A

Lunula

85
Q

Useful in the diagnosis because it is observed easily and often reflects events occurring in other parts of the body

A

Integumentary system

86
Q

Yellowish skin color

A

Jaundice

87
Q

Occur when the liver is damaged by s disease, such as viral hepatitis

A

Jaundice

88
Q

Results when bacteria infecting the throat release a toxin into the blood that causes a reddish rash on the skin

A

Scarlet fever

89
Q

Skin produces excess keratin and assumes a characteristic sandpaper texture

A

Vitamin a deficiency

90
Q

Nails lose their normal contour and become flat or concave

A

Iron-deficiency anemia

91
Q

Injury to a tissue caused by heat, cold, friction, chemicals, electricity, or radiation

A

Burn

92
Q

Classified according to their depth

A

Burn

93
Q

Part of the stratum basale remains viable, and regeneration of the epidermis occurs from within the burn area

A

Partial-thickness burns

94
Q

Divided into first and second degree burns

A

Partial - thickness burns

95
Q

Involve only the epidermis and are red and painful

A

First degree burns

96
Q

Can be caused by sunburn or brief exposure to very hot or very cold objects, and they heal without scarring in about a week

A

First-degree burns

97
Q

Damage both the epidermis and the dermis

A

Second-degree burns

98
Q

If dermal damage is minimal, symptoms include redness, pain, Eden, and blisters

A

Second degree burns

99
Q

Burn goes deep into the dermis, the wound appears red, tan, or white

A

Second degree burns

100
Q

Can take several months to heal and might scar

A

Second degree burns

101
Q

Epidermis and the dermis are completely destroyed, and recovery occurs from the edges of the burn wound

A

Full thickness burns or third degree burns

102
Q

Surrounded by areas of first and second degree burns

A

Full-thickness burns

103
Q

Appear white, tan, brown, black or deep cherry red

A

Full thickness burns or third degree burns

104
Q

Most common type of cancer

A

Skin cancer

105
Q

Known to induce cancer

A

Chemicals and radiation

106
Q

Three main types of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma

107
Q

Consists of the skin and accessory structures such as hair, glands and nails

A

Integumentary system

BIOSCI (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions