Chapter 5: Integumentary System

Question 1

The Skin Consists of

Answer 1

superficial epidermis and deeper dermis, which rests on the hypodermis

Question 2

The Epidermis

Answer 2

Superficial Layer of the Skin

consists of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

Question 3

The Dermis

Answer 3

Deeper Layer of the Skin

consists of loose & dense irregular collagenous connective tissue

Question 4

Hypodermis

Answer 4

layer of adipose tissue deep to the skin; not considered part of the integument (skin)

Question 5

Integument (skin) functions

Answer 5

protection, sensation, thermoregulation, excretion, and vitamin D synthesis.

Question 6

Most of the cells in the Epidermis are….

Answer 6

Keratinocytes

Question 7

Keratinocytes manufacture …

Answer 7

Keratin

Question 8

Dendritic Cells

Answer 8

aka lagerhans cells

Phagocytes of the immune system that protect the skin and deeper tissues from pathogens

Question 9

Merkel Cells

Answer 9

Sensory (touch) receptors in the stratum basale

mainly found in fingertips, lips, and the base of hairs

Question 10

Thick skin

Answer 10

Has all five epidermal strata, & very thick stratum corneum!

lacks hair follicles but has many sweat glands

Question 11

The Dermis consists of…

Answer 11

papillary layer and the reticular layer.

Question 12

Folds of the papillary layer include…

Answer 12

dermal papillae and epidermal ridges

Question 13

Gaps between collagen fibers in the reticular layer…

Answer 13

Cause tension, or cleavage, lines

Question 14

melanin

Answer 14

the primary pigment that influences skin color

Question 15

Other substances that affect skin color are

Answer 15

Carotene and hemoglobin.

Question 16

Hair, or pili, are composed of…

Answer 16

Dead, keratinized keratinocytes that perform protective functions and sense the environment.

Question 17

Nails

Answer 17

Are located on the ends of digits and are derived from the epidermis.

Question 18

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands

Answer 18

Reside in the dermis and secrete sweat by merocrine secretion.

Question 19

most common sweat gland

Answer 19

eccrine sweat gland

Question 20

Other sweat glands include…

Answer 20

Apocrine glands, ceruminous glands, and mammary glands.

Question 21

Sebaceous glands

Answer 21

Secrete sebum into a hair follicle via holocrine secretion.

Question 22

Skin pathologies may include

Answer 22

A wound, a burn, or cancer.

Question 23

Epidermis layers from deepest to superficial

Answer 23

stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

Question 24

papillary layer

Answer 24

superficial layer of the dermis (takes up 20%)

composed of loose connective tissue

Question 25

reticular layer

Answer 25

deeper layer of the dermis (takes up 80%)

composed of dense irregular connective tissue,
contains sweat/sebaceous glands and hair follicles

Question 26

dermal papillae

Answer 26

fold in the papillary layer of dermis where it comes into contact with epidermis and makes ridges

Question 27

epidermal ridges

Answer 27

folded patterns of the epidermis in thick skin that enhance gripping ability

Question 28

carotene

Answer 28

several orange or red crystalline pigments

mostly found in plants (carrots)

Question 29

apocrine gland

Answer 29

sweat glands found in the axillae

Question 30

eccrine sweat glands

Answer 30

glands in the skin that produce watery sweat

Question 31

ceruminous glands

Answer 31

secrete cerumen or EAR WAX

Question 32

sebum

Answer 32

oily secretion from sebaceous glands that lubricates and moisturizes surface of skin