Chapter 5 - Integumentary Flashcards
How many hairs are on the human head?
• Approximately 120,000 hairs on the average head.
Hair grows _____ cm each month.
• 1cm per month.
Nails grown about ___ cm per week.
• 0.5mm per week.
______ have the thinnest skin.
• Eyelids
Integumentary system includes:
• Skin ◊ Accessory Structures: • Nails (fingers and toes) • Hair • Sensory Receptors • Sebaceous (oil) glands • Sweat glands
Functions of the skin:
- Shielding internal organs
- Blocking the infiltration of pathogens and water
- Providing temperature control
- Maintaining homeostasis
- Accumulating vitamin D
- Senses tactile objects - the sense of touch
The ____, ____, and ____ tissue layers of the skin reduce internal injury.
• epidermis, dermis, and fatty tissue
The protective layers of the skin prevent:
• Viruses and bacteria from invading the internal organs and bloodstream as well as an over-accumulation of water.
The body is better able to regulate its ______ thanks to the protective layer of the skin.
• Temperature
Layers of the skin:
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Subcutaneous tissue
Epidermis:
- Outermost layer of the skin
- Made up of levels of epithelial cells
- No blood vessels present
- Contains special cells known as melanocytes
_______ create melanin that determines skin color.
• Melanocytes
Blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles and lymph channels are all located in ______.
• Dermis
What is the sturdy collagenous layer that connects the epidermis to the fatty tissue layer?
• Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue layer:
- Fastens the skin to the underlying elements of the anatomy
* Also called fatty tissue, or hypodermis
An inflammatory disease of the sebaceous follicles of the skin, marked by comedones, papules, and pustules. Usually affects the face, chest, back, and shoulders.
• Acne Vulgaris
Loss of hair; baldness is called ________.
• Alopecia
Smooth muscles of the skin, when they contract they cause the hair to stand erect, producing the appearance called goose flesh/goose bumps.
• Arrector pili
Fungus infection between the toes in which the skin becomes itchy and sore, cracking and peeling away.
• Athlete’s foot
Term for not vascular; bloodless is ________.
• Avascular
A neoplasm of the skin derived from basal cells of the epidermis or hair follicles is called ________.
• Basal Cell Carcinoma
______ are bacterial infections of hair follicles and surrounding skin; sometimes called furuncles.
• Boils
______ is the outer layer of an organ.
• Cortex
______ is a chronic ulcer that appears in pressure areas of skin, also called “bed sores”.
• Decubitus ulcer
______ is inflammation of the skin.
• Dermatitis
The sensitive connective tissue layer of the skin located below the epidermis, containing nerve endings, sweat and sebaceous glands, and blood and lymph vessels is called ______.
• Dermis
A superficial inflammatory process involving primarily the epidermis, marked early by redness and itching is called ______.
• Eczema
______ is the outermost and nonvascular layer of the skin.
• Epidermis
A _____ degree burn is a mild, fully recoverable degree of burning causing only redness of the skin.
• First Degree Burn
A _____ degree burn is a burn that blisters the skin.
• Second degree burn
A _____ degree burn is a burn involving destruction of the entire skin; extending into subcutaneous tissue, muscle, or bone and often cause much scarring.
• Third degree burn
_____ is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a herpesvirus, characterized by the formation of fluid-filled, painful blisters in the genital area.
• Genital Herpes
One of the tubular invaginations of the epidermis enclosing the hairs, and from which the hairs grow is called _____.
• Hair follicle
Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by formation of small vesicles in clusters is called:
• Herpes
_____ is greatly increased temperature; can be called fever or hyperpyrexia.
• Hyperthermia
_____ is a potentially fatal condition, occurs when body temperature falls below 95°F (35°C).
• Hypothermia
