Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM > Chapter 5: Human Movement Science > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Human Movement Science Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

The study of applying laws of mechanics and physics to determine how forces affect human movement and to better predict performance in athletic events.

A

Biomechanics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

medial, lateral, contralateral, ipsilateral, anterior, posterior, proximal, distal, inferior, and superior are all what?

A

Anatomic Locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Positioned above a point of reference

A

Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Positioned below a point of reference

A

Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference

A

Proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of reference

A

Distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

On the front of the body

A

Anterior (or ventral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On the back of the body

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Positioned near the middle of the body

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Positioned toward the outside of the body

A

Lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Positioned on the opposite side of the body

A

Contralateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Positioned on the same side of the body

A

Ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The position of the body erect with the arms and the sides and the palms forward.

A

Anatomic Position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The universal accepted method of describing human movements is in these 3 dimensions based on a system of planes and axes

A

Sagittal, frontal, and traverse planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

No motion occurs in just one plane but can be one plane dominant. Movement occurs on an axis running perpendicular to that plan, much like the axle a car wheel revolves around. This is known as ?

A

Join Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Divides the body into left and right halves
Motion - Flexion/extension
Axis - Coronal
Example - Biceps Curls, Triceps Pushdown, Squat, Calf raise, Running

A

Sagittal Plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A bending movement in which the relative angle between 2 adjacent segments decreases.

A

Flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A straightening movement in which the relative angle between 2 adjacent segments increases

A

Extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Extension beyond the normal limit or range of motion

A

Hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Divides the body into front and back halves
Motion - Adduction/abduction, lateral flexion, Eversion/inversion
Axis - Anterior-Posterior
Example - Side lateral raise, Side Lunge, Side Shuffle

A

Frontal Plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body

A

Abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body

A

Adduction

23
Q

Divides the body into top and bottom halves
Motion - Internal and External Rotation, Left/right rotation, Horizontal adduction/abduction
Axis - Longitudinal
Example - Trunk rotation, Throwing, Golfing, Swinging a bat

A

Transverse Plane

24
Q

Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body

A

Internal rotation

25
Q

Rotation of a joint away from the body

A

External rotation

26
Q

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position

A

Horizontal abduction

27
Q

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position

A

Horizontal adduction

28
Q

Adduction of the Scapula; shoulders move toward the midline

A

Scapular retraction

29
Q

Abuduction of the Scapula; shoulder blades move away from the midline

A

Scapular Protraction

30
Q

Downward motion of the scapula

A

Scapular Depression

31
Q

Upward motion of the scapula

A

Scapular Elevation

32
Q

The 5 Types of Muscle Actions:

A

Isotonic, Eccentric, Concentric, Isometric, Isokinetic

33
Q

Muscle contraction where force is produced, muscle tension is developed, and movement occurs through a given range of motion. 2 componenets involved an Eccentric phase and a Concentric Phase

A

Isotonic Movement

34
Q

Occurs when a muscle develops tension while lengthening. Moving in the same direction as the resistance. DECELERATES FORCE
When you let your arms down for a bicep curl more relaxed

A

Eccentric Muscle Action

35
Q

When a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle. Moving in the opposite direction of force. Accelerates or produces force - ACCELERATES FORCE
When you pull your arms up for a bicep curl…holding force

A

Concentric Muscle Action

36
Q

When a muscle is exerting force equal to the force being placed on it leading to no visible change in muscle length
No visible movement with or against resistance. Dynamically stabilizes force STABILIZES

A

Isometric Muscle Action

37
Q

When a muscle shortens at a constant speed over the full range of motion
The speed of movement is fixed, and resistance varies with force exerted.
Requires sophisticated training equipment often seen in rehabilitation or exercise physiology

A

Isokinetic muscle action

38
Q

Defined as the interaction between 2 entities or bodies that result in either the acceleration or deceleration of an object

A

Force

39
Q

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length

A

Length-tension relationship

40
Q

Refers to the relationship of muscle’s ability to produce tension at differing shortening velocities

A

Force-velocity curve

41
Q

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint
Examples:
Trunk Rotation - Internal and External Obliques
Upward Rotation of Scapula - Upper trapezius and lower portion of the serratus anterior

A

Force-couple relationship

42
Q

Movement of the bones around the joints

A

Rotary motion

43
Q

A force that produces rotation.

A

Torque

44
Q

Motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli

A

Motor behavior

45
Q

How the CNS integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to produce a motor response.

A

Motor Control

46
Q

Integration of motor control processes through practice and experience leading to a relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movements

A

Motor Learning

47
Q

The change in motor skill behavior over time throughout the lifespan

A

Motor development

48
Q

Groups of muscles that are recruited by the central nervous system to provide movement
Common:
Squat - Quadriceps, hamstring complex, gluteus maximus
Shoulder Press - Deltoid, rotator cuff, trapezius

A

Muscle Synergies

49
Q

The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense position and limb movements

A

Proprioception

50
Q

The cooperation of the nervous and muscular system in gathering and interpreting information and executing movement

A

Sensorimotor integration

51
Q

The use of sensory information and sensorimotor integration to help the human movement system in motor learning

A

Feedback

52
Q

The process by whereby sensory information is used by the body to reactively monitor movement and environment

A

Internal Feedback

53
Q

Information provided by some external source, such as a health professional, videotape, mirror, or heart rate monitor, to supplement internal environment

A

External Feedback

NASM (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions