Chapter 3: The Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards
Composed of the respiratory and cardiovascular system
The cardiorespiratory system
Blood vessels, blood, and the heart
The cardiovascular system
Vessels that transport blood away from the heart.
Arteries
Vessels that transport blood from capillaries toward the heart.
Veins
The amount of blood pumped out the heart with each contraction
Stroke volume(SV)
Heart rate × stroke volume
Cardiac output
The “pacemaker” of the heart because it initiates the heartbeat
Sinoatrial (SA) node
70-80 BPM
Typical heart rate for an adult
The right atrium receives blood coming from the body while the left atrium receives the blood (oxygen-rich) that comes from the lungs and the heart.
The atriums
The right ventricle has thinner walls because it only needs to pump blood a short distance back to the heart and the lungs. The left ventricle, on the other hand, has much thicker walls and is a much higher pressure pump because it is required to push blood to the rest of the body.
The Ventricles
Protection
Regulation
Transportation
The functions of blood
The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from veins and forces it into ventricles
Atrium
the inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood into arteries
Ventricle
A small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of ventricles
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
A hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction
Heart
The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all of the internal organs of the chest except for the lungs
Mediastinum
The rate at which the heart pumps
Heart Rate
Fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body, and also rides the body of waste products.
Blood
Network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body
Blood Vessels
The smallest blood vessels, and the site and exchange of chemicals and water between blood and the tissues
Capillaries
Small terminal branches of an artery, which end in cappilaries
Arterioles
The very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins.
Venules
A system or organs that collects oxygen from external environment and transports it to the blood stream
Respiratory System
Composed of skeletal structures(bones) and soft tissues(muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heard during inspiration.
Respiratory Pump
Breathing is divided into 2 phases…this phase is the process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air into the body.
Inspiration
Breathing is divided into 2 phases…this phase is the process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body.
Expiration
The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body.
Diffusion
The highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion
Maximal Oxygen consumption Vo2Max
