Chapter 5 CSV 2

Question 1

Inhibition

Answer 1

;important for successful task performance by excluding irrelevant information and inappropriate actions

Question 2

Lateral masking

Answer 2

;an example of inhibition where distractors affect target detection through lateral inhibition between sensory neurons

Question 3

The Stroop effect

Answer 3

; demonstrates our inability to filter out irrelevant information such as interference of words on naming colors

Question 4

The Simon effect

Answer 4

;a phenomenon where there is interference in reaction time when the location of a stimulus and the required response position are different revealing the difficulty of excluding irrelevant spatial information

Question 5

Race models

Answer 5

;propose that relevant and irrelevant stimulus dimensions are processed in parallel and compete for entry into a central processor

Question 6

Ideomotor compatibility theory

Answer 6

;suggests that response selection occurs directly without cognitive mediation when compatibility (dus wanneer de stimulus en de cue bijv dicht bij elkaar zijn) is high

Question 7

The flanker compatibility effect

Answer 7

;shows that responses are slower and less accurate when the target is flanked by incongruent letters

Question 8

The perceptual load hypothesis

Answer 8

;suggests that increasing attentional demands can reduce interference from irrelevant distractors

Question 9

Inhibition of return

Answer 9

;Exogenous cues can turn to inhibition after a certain interval slowing down responses to targets at the cued location

Question 10

Inhibitory tagging

Answer 10

;a mechanism where inhibition of return IOR is linked to objects in the environment helping to prioritize attention on new items rather than revisiting already explored locations

Question 11

Visual marking

Answer 11

;a mechanism where the brain actively inhibits the locations of distractors reducing interference and facilitating the selection of a target in a visual search task

Question 12

conjunction search

Answer 12

;the process of looking for a target based on a combination of features like color and shape and it can be more challenging and timeconsuming than searches for targets with single distinctive features

Question 13

Intentional forgetting

Answer 13

;involves the inhibition of items in memory

Question 14

The stop signal paradigm

Answer 14

;is used to isolate stopping processes from other aspects of performance

Question 15

In the race model of stop signal performance

Answer 15

;the stop process races against the go process